Enhanced red up-conversion of β-NaYF4:Er3+,Tm3+ microcrystals for bio-imaging applications
Source abstract
Abstract
Pure red fluorescence generated by near infrared (NIR) excitation is desired for bio-imaging with high biological penetration, but without cell damage or multi-photon photo-toxicity. In this work, β-NaYF 4:Er 3+ and β-NaYF 4:Er 3+,Tm 3+ microcrystals were synthesized using a novel hydrothermal method. β-NaYF 4:Er 3+ microcrystals exhibited intense green and red up-conversion emissions under 976 nm laser diode excitation. The introduction of Tm 3+ ions into β-NaYF 4:Er 3+ resulted in strong inhibition of green up-conversion emission (Er 3+: 2H 11/2 / 4S 3/2→ 4I 15/2) and, consequently, red up-conversion emission (Er 3+: 4F 9/2→ 4I 15/2) was significantly promoted. To simultaneously restrain green up-conversion emissions and enhance red up-conversion emissions, the optimal concentrations of Er 3+ and Tm 3+ ions were determined to be 20 mol% and 2.0 mol%, respectively. The red/green up-conversion emission intensity ratio increased from ~1.80 (β-NaYF 4:20Er 3+, mol%) to ~78 (β-NaYF 4:20Er 3+,2Tm 3+, mol%) after the addition of 2 mol% Tm 3+ ions to β-NaYF 4:20Er 3+ (mol%). The red up-conversion emission intensity of β-NaYF 4:20Er 3+,2Tm 3+ was stronger than that for commercial red up-conversion phosphors (NaYF 4 and ZnF 2 ) under the same experimental conditions. Based on the results of the emission spectra, luminescence rise, and decay profiles, the mechanism of enhanced red up-conversion emission by Tm 3+ ion co-doping in β-NaYF 4:20Er 3+,2Tm 3+ (mol%) was proposed. The bio-fluorescence experiment under NIR excitation proves that β-NaYF 4:Er 3+,Tm 3+ microcrystals have potential applications in bio-imaging.
Source: expertdata · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Luminescence Properties of Advanced Materials · Inorganic Fluorides and Related Compounds · Perovskite Materials and Applications
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
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