Electro‐tuning of surface state in two‐dimensional photonic crystals

Abstract In this paper, we have investigated the electro‐tuning of surface states in two‐dimensional square lattice photonic crystal (PC) of circular air holes in alumina background in which one row of the outermost air holes is infiltrated by a nematic liquid crystal (NLC). By minimizing the total (elastic plus electromagnetic) free energy, the configuration of the NLC directors, as a function of radial distance can be obtained. This configuration determines the dielectric tensor as function of radial distance. Therefore, by use of supercell method, dependence of surface states on applied electrical field has been studied. Numerical results show that position of surface modes can be effectively controlled by applying an external field on liquid crystal rods.