In-plane nuclear field formation investigated in single self-assembled quantum dots

We studied the formation mechanism of the in-plane nuclear field in single self-assembled ${\mathrm{In}}_0.75{\mathrm{Al}}_0.25\mathrm{As}/{\mathrm{Al}}_0.3{\mathrm{Ga}}_0.7\mathrm{As}$ quantum dots. The Hanle curves with an anomalously large width and hysteretic behavior at the critical transverse magnetic field were observed in many single quantum dots grown in the same sample. In order to explain the anomalies in the Hanle curve indicating the formation of a large nuclear field perpendicular to the photo-injected electron spin polarization, we propose a new model based on the current phenomenological model for dynamic nuclear spin polarization. The model includes the effects of the nuclear quadrupole interaction and the sign inversion between in-plane and out-of-plane components of nuclear g factors, and the model calculations reproduce successfully the characteristics of the observed anomalies in the Hanle curves.