A new class of high-entropy M3B4 borides
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract A new class of high-entropy M3B4 borides of the Ta3B4-prototyped orthorhombic structure has been synthesized in the bulk form for the first time. Specimens with compositions of (V0.2Cr0.2Nb0.2Mo0.2Ta0.2)3B4 and (V0.2Cr0.2Nb0.2Ta0.2W0.2)3B4 were fabricated via reactive spark plasma sintering of high-energy-ball-milled elemental boron and metal precursors. The sintered specimens were ∼98.7% in relative densities with virtually no oxide contamination, albeit the presence of minor (4–5 vol%) secondary high-entropy M5B6 phases. Despite that Mo3B4 or W3B4 are not stable phase, 20% of Mo3B4 and W3B4 can be stabilized into the high-entropy M3B4 borides. Vickers hardness was measured to be 18.6 and 19.8 GPa at a standard load of 9.8 N. This work has further expanded the family of different structures of high-entropy ceramics reported to date.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: High Entropy Alloys Studies · Advanced materials and composites · Metal and Thin Film Mechanics
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (40)
Show source-provided references
1. Yeh JW, Lin SJ, Chin TS, et al. Formation of simple crystal structures in Cu-Co-Ni-Cr-Al-Fe-Ti-V alloys with multiprincipal metallic elements. Metall Mat Trans A 2004, 35: 2533–2536.10.1007/s11661-006-0234-4 ↗
2. Cantor B, Chang ITH, Knight P, et al. Microstructural development in equiatomic multicomponent alloys. Mater Sci Eng: A 2004, 375–377: 213–218.10.1016/j.msea.2003.10.257 ↗
3. Miracle DB, Senkov ON. A critical review of high entropy alloys and related concepts. Acta Mater 2017, 122: 448–511.10.1016/j.actamat.2016.08.081 ↗
4. Jiang SC, Hu T, Gild J, et al. A new class of high-entropy perovskite oxides. Scripta Mater 2018, 142: 116–120.10.1016/j.scriptamat.2017.08.040 ↗
5. Gild J, Samiee M, Braun JL, et al. High-entropy fluorite oxides. J Eur Ceram Soc 2018, 38: 3578–3584.10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2018.04.010 ↗
6. Wright AJ, Wang QY, Ko ST, et al. Size disorder as a descriptor for predicting reduced thermal conductivity in medium- and high-entropy pyrochlore oxides. Scripta Mater 2020, 181: 76–81.10.1016/j.scriptamat.2020.02.011 ↗
7. Rost CM, Sachet E, Borman T, et al. Entropy-stabilized oxides. Nat Commun 2015, 6: 8485.10.1038/ncomms9485 ↗
8. Gild J, Zhang YY, Harrington T, et al. High-entropy metal diborides: A new class of high-entropy materials and a new type of ultrahigh temperature ceramics. Sci Rep 2016, 6: 37946.10.1038/srep37946 ↗
9. Qin MD, Yan QZ, Wang HR, et al. High-entropy monoborides: Towards superhard materials. Scripta Mater 2020, 189: 101–105.10.1016/j.scriptamat.2020.08.018 ↗
10. Zhao PB, Zhu JP, Zhang YL, et al. A novel high-entropy monoboride (Mo0.2Ta0.2Ni0.2Cr0.2W0.2)B with superhardness and low thermal conductivity. Ceram Int 2020, 46: 26626–26631.10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.07.131 ↗
11. Sarker P, Harrington T, Toher C, et al. High-entropy high-hardness metal carbides discovered by entropy descriptors. Nat Commun 2018, 9: 4980.10.1038/s41467-018-07160-7 ↗
12. Harrington TJ, Gild J, Sarker P, et al. Phase stability and mechanical properties of novel high entropy transition metal carbides. Acta Mater 2019, 166: 271–280.10.1016/j.actamat.2018.12.054 ↗
13. Yan XL, Constantin L, Lu YF, et al. (Hf0.2Zr0.2Ta0.2Nb0.2Ti0.2)C high-entropy ceramics with low thermal conductivity. J Am Ceram Soc 2018, 101: 4486–4491.10.1111/jace.15779 ↗
14. Gild J, Braun J, Kaufmann K, et al. A high-entropy silicide: (Mo0.2Nb0.2Ta0.2Ti0.2W0.2)Si2. J Materiomics 2019, 5: 337–343.10.1016/j.jmat.2019.03.002 ↗
15. Qin Y, Liu JX, Li F, et al. A high entropy silicide by reactive spark plasma sintering. J Adv Ceram 2019, 8: 148–152.10.1007/s40145-019-0319-3 ↗
16. Chen XQ, Wu YQ. High-entropy transparent fluoride laser ceramics. J Am Ceram Soc 2020, 103: 750–756.10.1111/jace.16842 ↗
17. Wright AJ, Wang QY, Huang CY, et al. From high-entropy ceramics to compositionally-complex ceramics: A case study of fluorite oxides. J Eur Ceram Soc 2020, 40: 2120–2129.10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2020.01.015 ↗
18. Wright AJ, Luo J. A step forward from high-entropy ceramics to compositionally complex ceramics: A new perspective. J Mater Sci 2020, 55: 9812–9827.10.1007/s10853-020-04583-w ↗
19. Zhang Y, Jiang ZB, Sun SK, et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of high-entropy borides derived from boro/carbothermal reduction. J Eur Ceram Soc 2019, 39: 3920–3924.10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2019.05.017 ↗
20. Gu JF, Zou J, Sun SK, et al. Dense and pure high-entropy metal diboride ceramics sintered from self-synthesized powders via boro/carbothermal reduction approach. Sci China Mater 2019, 62: 1898–1909.10.1007/s40843-019-9469-4 ↗
21. Gild J, Wright A, Quiambao-Tomko K, et al. Thermal conductivity and hardness of three single-phase high-entropy metal diborides fabricated by borocarbothermal reduction and spark plasma sintering. Ceram Int 2020, 46: 6906–9613.10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.11.186 ↗
22. Tallarita G, Licheri R, Garroni S, et al. Novel processing route for the fabrication of bulk high-entropy metal diborides. Scripta Mater 2019, 158: 100–104.10.1016/j.scriptamat.2018.08.039 ↗
23. Tallarita G, Licheri R, Garroni S, et al. High-entropy transition metal diborides by reactive and non-reactive spark plasma sintering: A comparative investigation. J Eur Ceram Soc 2020, 40: 942–952.10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2019.10.031 ↗
24. Qin MD, Gild J, Wang HR, et al. Dissolving and stabilizing soft WB2 and MoB2 phases into high-entropy borides via boron-metals reactive sintering to attain higher hardness. J Eur Ceram Soc 2020, 40: 4348–4353.10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2020.03.063 ↗
25. Chen H, Zhao ZF, Xiang HM, et al. Effect of reaction routes on the porosity and permeability of porous high entropy (Y0.2Yb0.2Sm0.2Nd0.2Eu0.2)B6 for transpiration cooling. J Mater Sci Technol 2020, 38: 80–85.10.1016/j.jmst.2019.09.006 ↗
26. Akopov G, Yeung MT, Kaner RB. Rediscovering the crystal chemistry of borides. Adv Mater 2017, 29: 1604506.10.1002/adma.201604506 ↗
27. Rudy E, Windisch S. Ternary Phase Equilibria in Transition Metal-Boron-Carbon-Silicon Systems, Part I. Related Binary Systems. Volume X. System V-B, Nb-B, and Ta-B. Air Force Materials Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, 1966.10.21236/ADA470307 ↗
28. Yao TK, Wang YC, Li H, et al. A universal trend of structural, mechanical and electronic properties in transition metal (M=V, Nb, and Ta) borides: First-principle calculations. Comput Mater Sci 2012, 65: 302–308.10.1016/j.commatsci.2012.07.021 ↗
29. Bolmgren H, Lundström T, Tergenius LE, et al. The crystal structure of Ta5B6. J Less Common Met 1990, 161: 341–345.10.1016/0022-5088(90)90046-M ↗
30. Spear KE, Liao PK, Smith JF. The B-V (boron-vanadium) system. J Phase Equilibria 1987, 8: 447–454.10.1007/BF02893154 ↗
31. Spear KE, Gilles PW. Phase and structure relationships in the vanadium-boron system. High Temp Sci 1969, 1: 86–97.
32. Okada S, Atoda T, Higashi I. Structural investigation of Cr2B3, Cr3B4, and CrB by single-crystal diffractometry. J Solid State Chem 1987, 68: 61–67.10.1016/0022-4596(87)90285-4 ↗
33. Okada S, Hamano K, Lundström T, et al. Crystal growth of the new compound Nb2B3, and the borides NbB, Nb5B6, Nb3B4, and NbB2, using the copper-flux method. AIP Conf Proc 1991, 231: 456–459.10.1063/1.40817 ↗
34. Okada S, Kudou K, Higashi I, et al. Single crystals of TaB, Ta5B6, Ta3B4 and TAB2, as obtained from high-temperature metal solutions, and their properties. J Cryst Growth 1993, 128: 1120–1124.10.1016/S0022-0248(07)80109-6 ↗
35. Rudy E, Windisch S. Ternary Phase Equilibria in Transition Metal-Boron-Carbon-Silicon Systems. Part I. Related Binary Systems. Volume III. Systems Mo-B and W-B. Air Force Materials Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, 1966.10.21236/ADA470307 ↗
36. Schmidt J, Boehling M, Burkhardt U, et al. Preparation of titanium diboride TiB2 by spark plasma sintering at slow heating rate. Sci Technol Adv Mater 2007, 8: 376–382.10.1016/j.stam.2007.06.009 ↗
37. Ran SL, Zhang L, van der Biest O, et al. Pulsed electric current, in situ synthesis and sintering of textured TiB2 ceramics. J Eur Ceram Soc 2010, 30: 1043–1047.10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2009.09.030 ↗
38. Ivankov AA. Handbook of Hardness Data. Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1968.
39. Qin MD, Gild J, Hu CZ, et al. Dual-phase high-entropy ultra-high temperature ceramics. J Eur Ceram Soc 2020, 40: 5037–5050.10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2020.05.040 ↗
40. Liu JX, Shen XQ, Wu Y, et al. Mechanical properties of hot-pressed high-entropy diboride-based ceramics. J Adv Ceram 2020, 9: 503–510.10.1007/s40145-020-0383-8 ↗