Surface functionalization and metallization of Lexan® polycarbonate*

Polymer molecules disposed along the surface of aromatic polymers such as Lexan polycarbonate are first nitrated by contact with a nitrating solution comprised of nitric and sulfuric acids, and then ammonolytically cleaved by subsequent contact with a solution comprised of ammonium and potassium hydroxides. The surface chains of the solid polymeric substrate become terminated with phenolic and nitrophenolic moieties, rendering the surface hydrophilic. The chemically functionalized surface forms a chemical bond that promotes adhesion between an electrolessly deposited metal layer and the polymeric substrate.