Enhanced chemophysical properties by bis-GMA-modified allyl 2-cyanoacrylate-based bioadhesives for hard tissue

To improve the biocompatibility and physical properties of bioadhesives for hard tissue, allyl 2-cyanoacrylate (AC) was pre-polymerized and mixed with bisphenol A glycidyl methacrylate (bis-GMA) and hydroxyapatite (HA). Various properties of pre-polymerized AC (PAC)/bis-GMA mixtures were measured, including compressive and shear bond strength, polymerization shrinkage, surface properties, and cytotoxicity (tested using L929 cells); enhanced physical properties and biocompatibility were observed. In particular, the optimal ratio for PAC/bis-GMA/HA was determined to be 90/9/1 wt%, as per the results of the above-mentioned measurements. Polymerization shrinkage of PAC/bis-GMA samples decreased with increasing bis-GMA content (by up to 15 times compared to PAC alone). Furthermore, biocompatibility and mechanical strength improved with increasing bis-GMA or HA content. Therefore, bioadhesives prepared with these PAC/bis-GMA/HA mixtures showed enhanced chemophysical properties compared to commercial bioadhesives for hard tissue. These results indicate that PAC/bis-GMA/HA materials can be used widely as advanced bioadhesives in various fields.