Effect of different welding parameters on residual stress and deformation of 20/0Cr18Ni9 dissimilar metal arc-welding joint

Pipelines used for the petrochemical, energy, and other industries contain 20 steel and 0Cr18Ni9. This paper based on the finite element simulation software Simufact Welding, the residual stress field and deformation results for 6-mm-thick 20/0Cr18Ni9 plates were examined by combining numerical simulation with experimental verification and performing an orthogonal experiment of three factors on different welding parameters. Herein, the thermodynamic coupling, isotropic hardening model, viscoplastic model, moving heat source are considered, and the experiments confirm the welding residual stress and deformation. The experimental results show that the stress distribution of each model is similar and the maximum stress appears in the fusion zone. Furthermore, the longitudinal residual stress is substantially greater than the transverse residual stress, whereas the minimum stress distribution is observed in paramaters of heat input 13493 J (welding layer 1) and 22400 J (welding layer 2), interpass temperature 50 °C, ambient temperature 65 °C. The minimum deformation occurred in paramaters of heat input 5913 J (welding layer 1) and 9200 J (welding layer 2), interpass temperature 250 °C, ambient temperature 65 °C, whereas the maximum deformation occurred in paramaters of heat input 13493 J (welding layer 1) and 22400 J (welding layer 2), interpass temperature 250 °C, ambient temperature 20 °C. Finally, the paramaters of heat input 7077 J (welding layer 1) and 11440 J (welding layer 2), interpass temperature 50 °C, ambient temperature 20 °C were selected to conduct the actual experiment and verify the residual stress and deformation. The results showed that the simulation results agreed with the actual results, thereby confirming the model’s reliability.