The strong influence of iron additions on the lead–lanthanum–titanate ceramics

Abstract In the present work, phase transitions and electrical characteristics of iron and lanthanum substituted lead titanate are reported. Structural analysis of the prepared samples was carried out to confirm the formation of the compounds in the proper phase. The average grain size was estimated using Scherrer’s equation. Dielectric properties of the samples have been studied as functions of temperature and frequency. Variations of the dielectric constant ( e r ) as function of temperature show a diffuse ferro-paraelectric phase transition. The diffusivity and the relaxation strength were estimated using the modified Uchino-law, and the relaxation time of these materials satisfies the Vogel–Fulcher equation.