journal article·2014-08Open access

Multiscale X-ray and Proton Imaging of Bismuth-Tin Solidification

P. J. Gibbs, S. D. Imhoff, C. L. Morris, F. E. Merrill, C. H. Wilde, P. Nedrow, F. G. Mariam, K. Fezzaa, W.-K. Lee, A. J. Clarke

JOM· Volume 66· Issue 8

Abstract

The formation of structural patterns during metallic solidification is complex and multiscale in nature, ranging from the nanometer scale, where solid–liquid interface properties are important, to the macroscale, where casting mold filling and intended heat transfer are crucial. X-ray and proton imaging can directly interrogate structure, solute, and fluid flow development in metals from the microscale to the macroscale. X-rays permit high spatio-temporal resolution imaging of microscopic solidification dynamics in thin metal sections. Similarly, high-energy protons permit imaging of mesoscopic and macroscopic solidification dynamics in large sample volumes. In this article, we highlight multiscale x-ray and proton imaging of bismuth-tin alloy solidification to illustrate dynamic measurement of crystal growth rates and solute segregation profiles that can be that can be acquired using these techniques.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis · X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography · Advanced Surface Polishing Techniques

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