journal article·2026-04-06Open access

Matching fingerprints on sculptures by the “Bernini of the North”

Dzemila Sero, Bieke van der Mark, Anko Lubach, Sheryl Lie Kwie, Fleur Loadsman-Wammes, Arent de Jongh, Frans Pegt, Bodill Lamain, Robert van Langh, Isabelle Garachon

npj Heritage Science· Volume 14· Issue 1

Abstract

Human impressions are found on artworks made in a wide variety of media. In this paper, a pipeline is presented to collect images of preserved human impressions discovered on eight terracotta sculptures made in the Amsterdam workshop of Artus Quellinus the Elder (Antwerp 1609–Antwerp 1668), as well as a best-practice forensic workflow for the examination of such impressions. We provide the anatomical provenance of such marks (palm or finger, left or right hand), document matched pairs of fingerprints, and offer a database with images of all marks. In total, 28 fingerprints, nine palmprints, and three groups of partial and fragmentary marks originating from fingers were discovered. Four matched pairs of fingerprints were identified, consisting of impressions from the master’s right and left hands. Considering the unique information they hold, our aim is to introduce the study of human impressions on artworks as an independent field of research.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Mineralogy and Gemology Studies · Archaeology and Rock Art Studies · Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (26)

Show source-provided references
1. Sero, D., Garachon, I., Hermens, E., Liere, R. V. & Batenburg, K. J. The study of three-dimensional fingerprint recognition in cultural heritage: trends and challenges. J. Comput. Cult. Herit. 14, 1–20 (2021).10.1145/3461341 ↗
2. Bailey, M. A Van Gogh Drawing—with What is Almost Certainly the Artist’s Fingerprint—Goes to Auction at Sotheby’s (The Art Newspaper - International art news and events, 2025).
3. D’Alessio, A. Rembrandt’s Fingerprints ‘Found’ on Rare Oil Sketch (Arts & Collections, 2018).
4. Davis-Marks, I. Fingerprint Found on Renaissance Wax Sculpture May Belong to Michelangelo (Smithsonian Magazine, 2021).
5. Brown, M. & Correspondent, M. B. A. Leonardo’s Thumbprint Stars in Anniversary Display of Drawings (The Guardian, 2019).
6. van Langh, R. Technical Studies of Renaissance Bronzes: The Use of Neutron Imaging and Time-of-flight Neutron Diffraction in the Studies of the Manufacture and Determination of Historical Copper Objects and Alloys (Drukkerij Control Media, Wildert, Belgie, 2012).
7. Rudy, K. M. Dirty books: quantifying patterns of use in medieval manuscripts using a densitometer. J. Historians Netherlandish Art, https://jhna.org/articles/dirty-books-quantifying-patterns-of-use-medieval-manuscripts-using-a-densitometer/. (2010)10.5092/jhna.2010.2.1.1 ↗
8. Hoskin, P. M. & New, E. A. ‘By the impression of my seal. Medieval identity and bureaucracy: a case study. Antiqu. J. 100, 190–212 (2020).10.1017/S0003581519000015 ↗
9. Sanders, A. Fingerprints, sex, state, and the organization of the Tell Leilan ceramic industry. J. Archaeol. Sci. 57, 223–238 (2015).10.1016/j.jas.2015.02.001 ↗
10. Sero, D., Garachon, I., Hermens, E. & Batenburg, K. J. Artist profiling using micro-CT scanning of a Rijksmuseum terracotta sculpture. Sci. Adv. 9, eadg6073 (2023).10.1126/sciadv.adg6073 ↗
11. Kantner, J., McKinney, D., Pierson, M. & Wester, S. Reconstructing sexual divisions of labor from fingerprints on Ancestral Puebloan pottery. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 116, 12220–12225 (2019).10.1073/pnas.1901367116 ↗
12. Fowler, K. D., Walker, E., Greenfield, H. J., Ross, J. & Maeir, A. M. The identity of potters in early states: determining the age and sex of fingerprints on early Bronze Age pottery from Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath, Israel. J. Archaeol. Method Theory 26, 1470–1512 (2019).10.1007/s10816-019-09419-9 ↗
13. Králík, M. & Novotny, V. Epidermal ridge breadth: An indicator of age and sex in paleodermatoglyphics. Var. Evol. 11, 5-30 (2003).
14. Lichtenberger, A. & Moran, K. S. Ancient fingerprints from Beit Nattif: studying Late Roman clay impressions on oil lamps and figurines. Antiquity 92, e3 (2018).10.15184/aqy.2018.2 ↗
15. Burchill, A. T., Sanders, A. & Morgan, T. J. H. Inferring the age and sex of ancient potters from fingerprint ridge densities: a data-driven, Bayesian mixture modelling approach. MethodsX 11, 102292 (2023).10.1016/j.mex.2023.102292 ↗
16. Bennison-Chapman, L. E. & Hager, L. D. Tracking the division of labour through handprints: applying reflectance transformation imaging (RTI) to clay ‘tokens’ in Neolithic West Asia. J. Archaeol. Sci. 99, 112–123 (2018).10.1016/j.jas.2018.09.004 ↗
17. Lloyd, N. Fingerprints. Harvard University Art Museum Bulletin VI, 119–124 (1999).
18. Dickerson, C. D., Sigel, A. & Wardropper, I. Bernini: Sculpting in Clay (Yale University Press, 2012).
19. Van der, M. (ed.) Artus Quellinus – Sculptor of Amsterdam (Published by the Rijksmuseum in collaboration with the Royal Palace Amsterdam, 2025).
20. Scholten, F. Quellinus’s Arion: A Terracotta Modello for the Town Hall of Amsterdam. Bull. Detroit Inst. Arts 90, 32–43 (2016).10.1086/DIA900032 ↗
21. de Jongh, A., Lubach, A. R., Lie Kwie, S. L. & Alberink, I. Measuring the rarity of fingerprint patterns in the Dutch population using an extended classification set. J. Forensic. Sci. 64, 108–119 (2019).10.1111/1556-4029.13838 ↗
22. de Jongh, A., Lubach, A. R., Lie Kwie, S. L., Loadsman-Wammes, F. D. L. V. & Alberink, I. Measuring the rarity of core-delta distances in fingerprint patterns in the Dutch population. J. Forensic. Sci. 69, 94–116 (2024).10.1111/1556-4029.15381 ↗
23. de Boer, H. H., van Wijk, M. & Berger, C. E. Communicating evidence with a focus on the use of Bayes’ theorem. In Statistics and probability in forensic anthropology, 331–340 (Elsevier, 2020).10.1016/B978-0-12-815764-0.00034-4 ↗
24. Earl, G., Martinez, K. & Malzbender, T. Archaeological applications of polynomial texture mapping: analysis, conservation and representation. J. Archaeol. Sci. 37, 2040–2050 (2010).10.1016/j.jas.2010.03.009 ↗
25. Sero, D., Garachon, I., Hermens, E., Liere, R. V. & Batenburg, K. J. The Study of Three-Dimensional Fingerprint Recognition in Cultural Heritage: Trends and Challenges. J Comput Cult Herit 14, 51:1–51:20 (2021).10.1145/3461341 ↗
26. Home - Ultralytics YOLO Docs. https://docs.ultralytics.com/. (2023).