journal article·2026-05-20Open access

A wireless, position-insensitive electrical stimulation platform with adequate and configurable parameters for diverse therapeutic applications

Zhilu Ye, Yijing Wang, Kun Zhao, Ganggang Zhao, Yue Zhang, Zhe Xu, Sicheng Chen, Qi Zhang, Ming Liu, Xiaohui Zhang

npj Flexible Electronics· Volume 10· Issue 1

Abstract

Wireless electrical stimulation enables precise modulation of tissue activity through wirelessly delivered electrical pulses, providing a minimally invasive strategy for tissue repair and treatment of diverse pathological disorders. However, existing wireless stimulators suffer from low output voltages, strict alignment requirements, and disease-specific designs that constrain adaptability. Here, we present a wireless, battery-free electrical stimulation system offering misalignment tolerance, high-voltage capacity, and widely configurable parameters for diverse therapeutic applications. Utilizing inductive coupling and strategic radio-frequency circuit design, the system delivers stimulation voltages up to 15 V peak-to-peak and maintains output stability (±3 V) under significant spatial and angular misalignment (±18 mm lateral, ±15 mm vertical, and ±40° angular). The system also provides configurable stimulation parameters, including amplitude (mV to ~10 V), frequency (Hz–kHz), and duty cycle (1–99%). We demonstrate its efficacy in two representative stimulation therapy scenarios, epidermal wound healing and peripheral nerve regeneration. In vitro studies show enhanced proliferation, migration, and neurite extension in relevant cell types, while in vivo experiments reveal a ~ 25% acceleration in wound healing and ~40% improvement in nerve regeneration over 4 weeks, with no observable adverse effects. These findings establish our system as a general-purpose, high-performance, cost-efficient solution for next-generation wireless bioelectronic therapies.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Planarian Biology and Electrostimulation · Neuroscience and Neural Engineering · Wireless Power Transfer Systems

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