Recovery of iron from high phosphorus oolitic iron ore using coal-based reduction followed by magnetic separation
Source abstract
Abstract
Oolitic iron ore is one of the most important iron resources. This paper reports the recovery of iron from high phosphorus oolitic iron ore using coal-based reduction and magnetic separation. The influences of reduction temperature, reduction time, C/O mole ratio, and CaO content on the metallization degree and iron recovery were investigated in detail. Experimental results show that reduced products with the metallization degree of 95.82% could be produced under the optimal conditions (i.e., reduction temperature, 1250°C; reduction time, 50 min; C/O mole ratio, 2.0; and CaO content, 10wt%). The magnetic concentrate containing 89.63wt% Fe with the iron recovery of 96.21% was obtained. According to the mineralogical and morphologic analysis, the iron minerals had been reduced and iron was mainly enriched into the metallic iron phase embedded in the slag matrix in the form of spherical particles. Apatite was also reduced to phosphorus, which partially migrated into the metallic iron phase.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Iron and Steelmaking Processes · Minerals Flotation and Separation Techniques · Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (36)
Show source-provided references
1. Y. Zimmels, S. Weissberger, and I.J. Lin, Effect of oolite structure on direct reduction of oolitic iron ores, Int. J. Miner. Process., 24(1988), p. 55.10.1016/0301-7516(88)90031-2 ↗
2. Y. Champetier, E. Hamdadou, and M. Hamdadou, Examples of biogenic support of mineralization in two oolitic iron ores: Lorraine (France) and Gara Djebilet (Algeria), Sediment. Geol., 51(1987), p. 249.10.1016/0037-0738(87)90050-9 ↗
3. M.I. Abro, A.G. Pathan, and A.H. Mallah, Liberation of oolitic hematite grains from iron ore, Dilband Mines Pakistan, Mehran Univ. Res. J. Eng. Technol., 30(2011), p. 329.
4. F.A. Adedeji and F.R. Sale, Characterization and reducibility of Itakpe and Agbaja (Nigerian) iron ores, Clay Miner., 19(1984), p. 843.10.1180/claymin.1984.019.5.12 ↗
5. A.A. Manieh, Oolite liberation of oolitic iron ore, Wadi Fatima, Saudi Arabia, Int. J. Miner. Process., 13(1984), p. 187.10.1016/0301-7516(84)90002-4 ↗
6. W. Petruk, Mineralogical characteristics of an oolitic iron deposit in the Peace River District, Alberta, Can. Mineral., 15(1977), p. 3.
7. Y.S. Sun, P. Gao, Y.X. Han, and D.Z. Ren, Reaction behavior of iron minerals and metallic iron particles growth in coal-based reduction of an oolitic iron ore, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 52(2013), p. 2323.10.1021/ie303233k ↗
8. J. Wu, Z.J. Wen, and M.J. Cen, Development of technologies for high phosphorus oolitic hematite utilization, Steel Res. Int., 82(2011), p. 494.10.1002/srin.201100040 ↗
9. Y.F. Yu and C.Y. Qi, Magnetizing roasting mechanism and effective ore dressing process for oolitic hematite ore, J. Wuhan Univ. Technol. Mater. Sci. Ed., 26(2011), p. 177.
10. A.A. Manieh, Upgrading of Wadi Fatima iron ore, Int. J. Miner. Process., 17(1986), p. 151.10.1016/0301-7516(86)90053-0 ↗
11. Ö. Özdemir and E.R. Deutsch, Magnetic properties of oolitic iron ore on Bell Island, Newfoundland, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 69(1984), p. 427.10.1016/0012-821X(84)90201-2 ↗
12. S. Weissberger and Y. Zimmels, Studies on concentration and direct reduction of the Ramim iron ore, Int. J. Miner. Process., 11(1983), p. 115.10.1016/0301-7516(83)90004-2 ↗
13. H.F. Yang, L.L. Jing, and B.G. Zhang, Recovery of iron from vanadium tailings with coal-based direct reduction followed by magnetic separation, J. Hazard. Mater., 185(2011), p. 1405.10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.10.062 ↗
14. K. Jayasankar, P.K. Ray, A.K. Chaubey, A. Padhi, B.K. Satapathy, and P.S. Mukherjee, Production of pig iron from red mud waste fines using thermal plasma technology, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 19(2012), p. 679.10.1007/s12613-012-0613-3 ↗
15. S.F. Li, Y.S. Sun, Y.X. Han, G.Q. Shi, and P. Gao, Fundamental research in utilization of an oolitic hematite by deep reduction, Adv. Mater. Res., 158(2011), p. 106.
16. W.C. Liu, J.K. Yang, and B. Xiao, Application of Bayer red mud for iron recovery and building material production from alumosilicate residues, J. Hazard. Mater., 161(2009), p. 474.10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.03.122 ↗
17. S.L. Wu, H.L. Han, H.X. Li, J. Xu, S.D. Yang, and X.Q. Liu, Ore-proportioning optimization technique with high proportion of Yandi ore in sintering, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 17(2010), p. 11.10.1007/s12613-010-0102-5 ↗
18. X.F. She, J.S. Wang, Q.G. Xue, Y.G. Ding, S.S. Zhang, J.J. Dong, and H. Zeng, Basic properties of steel plant dust and technological properties of direct reduction, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 18(2011), p. 277.10.1007/s12613-011-0434-9 ↗
19. M.A. Youssef and M.B. Morsi, Reduction roast and magnetic separation of oxidized iron ores for the production of blast furnace feed, Can. Metall. Q., 37(1998), p. 419.10.1016/S0008-4433(98)00009-3 ↗
20. Y. Wu, M. Fang, L.D. Lan, P. Zhang, K.V. Rao, and Z.Y. Bao, Rapid and direct magnetization of goethite ore roasted by biomass fuel, Sep. Purif. Technol., 94(2012), p. 34.10.1016/j.seppur.2012.04.008 ↗
21. Y.L. Zhang, H.M. Li, and X.J. Yu, Recovery of iron from cyanide tailings with reduction roasting-water leaching followed by magnetic separation, J. Hazard. Mater., 213–214(2012), p. 167.10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.01.076 ↗
22. N. Peng, B. Peng, L.Y. Chai, M. Li, J.M. Wang, H. Yan, and Y. Yuan, Recovery of iron from zinc calcines by reduction roasting and magnetic separation, Miner. Eng., 35(2012), p. 57.10.1016/j.mineng.2012.05.014 ↗
23. C. Li, H.H. Sun, J. Bai, and L.T. Li, Innovative methodology for comprehensive utilization of iron ore tailings: Part 1. The recovery of iron from iron ore tailings using magnetic separation after magnetizing roasting, J. Hazard. Mater., 174(2010), p. 71.10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.09.018 ↗
24. Y.S. Zhang, W.Q. Gong, and W. Yan, Application of a novel cationic collector in reverse flotation beneficiation of oolitic hematite ore, [in] International Symposium on Project Management, Jiangsu, 2010, p. 25.
25. L. Li, X.J. Lv, J. Qiu, and P. Li, The study on the flotation of tailings of molybdenum minerals for the reclamation of iron, Procedia Environ. Sci., 12(2012), p. 453.10.1016/j.proenv.2012.01.303 ↗
26. M. Bahgat and M.H. Khedr, Reduction kinetics, magnetic behavior and morphological changes during reduction of magnetite single crystal, Mater. Sci. Eng. B, 138(2007), p. 251.10.1016/j.mseb.2007.01.029 ↗
27. Y.F. Chang, X.J. Zhai, Y. Fu, L.Z. Ma, B.C. Li, and T.A. Zhang, Phase transformation in reductive roasting of laterite ore with microwave heating, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 18(2008), p. 969.10.1016/S1003-6326(08)60167-3 ↗
28. W.K. Jozwiak, E. Kaczmarek, T.P. Maniecki, W. Ignaczak, and W. Maniukiewicz, Reduction behavior of iron oxides in hydrogen and carbon monoxide atmospheres, Appl. Catal. A, 326(2007), p. 17.10.1016/j.apcata.2007.03.021 ↗
29. S.K. Dutta and A. Ghosh, Study of nonisothermal reduction of iron ore-coal/char composite pellet, Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 25(1994), p. 15.10.1007/BF02663174 ↗
30. N. Standish and W. Huang, Microwave application in carbothermic reduction of iron ores, ISIJ Int., 31(1991), p. 241.10.2355/isijinternational.31.241 ↗
31. G.S. Liu, V. Strezov, J.A. Lucas, and L.J. Wibberley, Thermal investigations of direct iron ore reduction with coal, Thermochim. Acta, 410(2004), p. 133.10.1016/S0040-6031(03)00398-8 ↗
32. D.Q. Zhu, Y. Cui, K. Vining, S. Hapugoda, J. Douglas, J. Pan, and G.L. Zheng, Upgrading low nickel content laterite ores using selective reduction followed by magnetic separation, Int. J. Miner. Process., 106–109(2012), p. 1.
33. B. Li, H. Wang, and Y.G. Wei, The reduction of nickel from low-grade nickel laterite ore using a solid-state deoxidisation method, Miner. Eng., 24(2011), p. 1556.10.1016/j.mineng.2011.08.006 ↗
34. X.W. Liu, Y.L. Feng, H.R. Li, Z.C. Yang, and Z.L. Cai, Recovery of valuable metals from a low-grade nickel ore using an ammonium sulfate roasting-leaching process, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 19(2012), p. 377.10.1007/s12613-012-0567-5 ↗
35. G. Wang, J.S. Wang, Y.G. Ding, S. Ma, and Q.G. Xue, New separation method of boron and iron from ludwigite based on carbon bearing pellet reduction and melting technology, ISIJ Int., 52(2012), p. 45.10.2355/isijinternational.52.45 ↗
36. Y.B. Zhang, G.H. Li, T. Jiang, Y.F. Guo, and Z.C. Huang, Reduction behavior of tin-bearing iron concentrate pellets using diverse coals as reducers, Int. J. Miner. Process., 110–111(2012), p. 109.10.1016/j.minpro.2012.04.003 ↗