DataVXInternational Journal of Mechanics and Materials in DesignPaper
journal article·2025-12

Internal energy density homogenization-driven crashworthiness design framework for VRB/OW-GFRP hybrid hat-shaped beam under transverse impacting

Wenjing Zhao, Libin Duan, Wei Xu, Xing Liu, Guangya Zhang, Tie Xu, Yu Zhang

International Journal of Mechanics and Materials in Design· Volume 21· Issue 6
Publisher page
Bibliographic record

Abstract

No abstract is available for this record. The assistant can identify its topic from the title, but cannot infer the study’s results.

Source: Not provided · Quality: missing

Research context

OpenAlex topics: High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior · Mechanical Behavior of Composites · Cellular and Composite Structures

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (51)

Show source-provided references
1. Akhavan Attar, A., Kazemi, M.: Investigation on crushing behavior of laminated conical absorbers with different arrangements under axial loading. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., Part L 234(3), 394–407 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1177/146442071988823710.1177/1464420719888237 ↗
2. Akhavan Attar, A., Kazemi, M.: Novel geometric arrangement effects on energy absorption of a conical structure with various cross-sections. Thin-Walled Struct. 173, 109005 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2022.10900510.1016/j.tws.2022.109005 ↗
3. Ao, W., Zhuang, W., Xing, B., Zhou, Q., Xia, Y.: Finite element method of a progressive intralaminar and interlaminar damage model for woven fibre laminated composites under low velocity impact. Mater. Des. 223, 111256 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2022.11125610.1016/j.matdes.2022.111256 ↗
4. Banh, T.T., Lee, D.: Topology optimization of multi-directional variable thickness thin plate with multiple materials. Struct. Multidiscip. Optim. 59(5), 1503–1520 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-018-2143-810.1007/s00158-018-2143-8 ↗
5. Bidadi, J., Hampaiyan Miandowab, H., Saeidi Googarchin, H., Akhavan-Safar, A., da Silva, L.: Experimental and numerical investigation on the crashworthiness performance of double hat-section Al-CFRP beam subjected to quasi-static bending test. Polym. Compos. 45(6), 5656–5674 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.2815510.1002/pc.28155 ↗
6. Busarac, N., Adamovic, D., Grujovic, N., Zivic, F.: Lightweight materials for automobiles. IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 1271(1), 012010 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1271/1/01201010.1088/1757-899X/1271/1/012010 ↗
7. Cai, W., Ma, Q., Wang, Y., Gan, X.: Crashworthiness analysis and multi-objective optimization of Al/CFRP hybrid tube with initial damage under transverse impact. Polym. Compos. 44, 7953–7971 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.2767810.1002/pc.27678 ↗
8. Chen, G., Lu, S., Zhao, Z., Chen, C., Lou, L.: Lightweight design of CFRP thin-walled beam bumper with twelve right-angle section (in Chinese). Automot. Eng. 41, 232–238 (2019). https://doi.org/10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2019.02.01710.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2019.02.017 ↗
9. Chen, J., Xu, S., Liu, Z., Tang, A., Lv, W.: The optimisation design of CFRP bumper beam based on ply compatibility. Int. J. Veh. Des. 94(1–2), 100–122 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1504/ijvd.2024.13623610.1504/ijvd.2024.136236 ↗
10. Chen, X., Xu, G., Zhang, X., Tan, W., Ding, Q., Tagar, A.A.: Performance evaluation of biomimetic-designed rotary blades for straw incorporation in an intensive tillage system. Agriculture 14(8), 1426 (2024). https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture1408142610.3390/agriculture14081426 ↗
11. Dai, C., Yu, P., Yin, M., Long, J.: Optimization of the crashworthiness design of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer bumper beam. Int. J. Crashworthiness 29(1), 163–177 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1080/13588265.2023.223062810.1080/13588265.2023.2230628 ↗
12. Dogan, F., Hadavinia, H., Donchev, T., Bhonge, P.: Delamination of impacted composite structures by cohesive zone interface elements and tiebreak contact. Cent. Eur. J. Eng. 2(4), 612–626 (2012). https://doi.org/10.2478/s13531-012-0018-010.2478/s13531-012-0018-0 ↗
13. Du, B., Li, Q., Zheng, C., Wang, S., Gao, C., Chen, L.: Application of lightweight structure in automobile bumper beam: A review. Materials 16(3), 967 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/ma1603096710.3390/ma16030967 ↗
14. Du, C., Fang, W., Han, D., Chen, X., Wang, X.: Design and experimental study of a biomimetic pod-pepper-picking drum based on multi-finger collaboration. Agriculture 14(2), 314 (2024). https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture1402031410.3390/agriculture14020314 ↗
15. Duan, L., Jiang, H., Li, H., Xiao, N.: Crashworthiness optimization of VRB thin-walled structures under manufacturing constraints by the eHCA-VRB algorithm. Appl. Math. Model. 80, 126–150 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2019.11.03010.1016/j.apm.2019.11.030 ↗
16. Duan, L., Lu, D., Liu, X., Zhang, Y., Xu, W., Du, Z., Jiang, H.: Experimental investigation on failure mechanisms of hybrid steel/GFRP hat-shaped beams under bending loading. Polym. Compos. 45(18), 16434–16451 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.2785210.1002/pc.27852 ↗
17. Duan, L., Wu, C., Liu, X., Xu, W., Du, Z., Zhang, Y.: Flexural and sinking stiffnesses investigation of metal, glass fiber reinforced plastic and hybrid laminates through a semi-experimental method. Polym. Compos. 45(18), 16393–16411 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.2750810.1002/pc.27508 ↗
18. Franzò, S., Nasca, A.: The environmental impact of electric vehicles: a novel life cycle-based evaluation framework and its applications to multi-country scenarios. J. Clean. Prod. 315, 128005 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.12800510.1016/j.jclepro.2021.128005 ↗
19. Gupta, M.K., Singhal, V.: Review on materials for making lightweight vehicles. Mater. Today Proc. 56, 868–872 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.02.51710.1016/j.matpr.2022.02.517 ↗
20. Hampaiyan Miandowab, H., Rahmani, R., Saeidi Googarchin, H.: Bending characteristics of partially reinforced aluminum/CFRP hybrid hat-section beam structures with an adhesively bonded joint: An experimental, numerical, and analytical study. Polym. Compos. 29(1), 163–177 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.2838710.1002/pc.28387 ↗
21. Hassan, A., Sebaey, T.A., Awd Allah, M.M., Abd El-baky, M.A.: Metal/polymer composite cylinders for crash energy absorption applications. Polym. Compos. 43(12), 8771–8783 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.2706010.1002/pc.27060 ↗
22. Jiang, R., Zhang, T., Sun, H., Liu, D., Chen, H., Wang, D.: Study on lightweighting of CFRP bumper beam using entropy-based TOPSIS approach (in Chinese). Automot. Eng. 43, 421–428 (2021). https://doi.org/10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2021.03.01610.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2021.03.016 ↗
23. Kazemi, M., Ahmadi, M.: Effect of welding process on energy absorption parameters of a square tube with emphasis on the number and position of welding lines. Trans. Indian Inst. Met. 77, 1151–1160 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12666-023-03080-310.1007/s12666-023-03080-3 ↗
24. Kazemi, M., Aryaie, M., Nouri, D.: Investigation and optimization of energy absorption of squared-section thin-walled structure under lateral dynamic loading. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., Part D 238(10–11), 3077–3091 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1177/0954407023118213210.1177/09544070231182132 ↗
25. Korupolu, D., Budarapu, P., Vusa, V., Pandit, M., Reddy, J.: Impact analysis of hierarchical honeycomb core sandwich structures. Compos. Struct. 280, 114827 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2021.11482710.1016/j.compstruct.2021.114827 ↗
26. Li, D., Zhou, J., Ou, J.: Damage, nondestructive evaluation and rehabilitation of FRP composite-RC structure: a review. Constr. Build. Mater. 271, 121551 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.12155110.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121551 ↗
27. Liang, H., Liu, B., Pu, Y., Sun, H., Wang, D.: Crashworthiness analysis of variable thickness CFRP/Al hybrid multi-cell tube. Int. J. Mech. Sci. 266, 108959 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2024.10895910.1016/j.ijmecsci.2024.108959 ↗
28. Lin, Y., Min, J., Teng, H., Lin, J., Hu, J., Xu, N.: Flexural performance of steel-FRP composites for automotive applications. Automot. Innovation 3(3), 280–295 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42154-020-00109-x10.1007/s42154-020-00109-x ↗
29. Liu, S., Ding, X., Tong, Z.: Energy absorption properties of thin-walled square tube with lateral piecewise variable thickness under axial crashing. Eng. Comput. 36(8), 2588–2611 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1108/EC-10-2018-049210.1108/EC-10-2018-0492 ↗
30. Liu, X., Liang, R., Hu, Y.: Optimization for bending collapse of thin-walled twelve right-angle section tubes with variable thickness. Arab. J. Sci. Eng. 29(1), 163–177 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1080/13588265.2023.223062810.1080/13588265.2023.2230628 ↗
31. Lu, B., Shen, C., Zhang, J., Zheng, D., Zhang, T.: Study on energy absorption performance of variable thickness CFRP/aluminum hybrid square tubes under axial loading. Compos. Struct. 276, 114469 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2021.11446910.1016/j.compstruct.2021.114469 ↗
32. Maiti, S., Islam, M.R., Uddin, M.A., Afroj, S., Eichhorn, S.J., Karim, N.: Sustainable fiber-reinforced composites: a review. Adv. Sustain. Syst. 6, 2200258 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/adsu.20220025810.1002/adsu.202200258 ↗
33. Mohammadi, H., Ahmad, Z., Mazlan, S.A., Faizal Johari, M.A., Siebert, G., Petrů, M., Rahimian Koloor, S.S.: Lightweight glass fiber-reinforced polymer composite for automotive bumper applications: a review. Polymers 15, 193 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/polym1501019310.3390/polym15010193 ↗
34. Mori, Y., Matsuzaki, R., Kumekawa, N.: Variable thickness design for composite materials using curvilinear fiber paths. Compos. Struct. 263, 113723 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2021.11372310.1016/j.compstruct.2021.113723 ↗
35. Othman, R., Ismail, N.I., Ab, M., Pahmi, H., Hisyam, M., Hisyam Basri, M., Hemdi, A.: Application of carbon fiber reinforced plastic in automotive industry: a review. J. Mech. Manuf. 1, 144–154 (2019)
36. Qin, X., Ma, Q., Gan, X., Cai, M., Cai, W.: Failure analysis and multi-objective optimization of crashworthiness of variable thickness Al-CFRP hybrid tubes under multiple loading conditions. Thin-Walled Struct. 184, 110452 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2022.11045210.1016/j.tws.2022.110452 ↗
37. Rossi, T., Fayazbakhsh, K., Fawaz, Z.: Application of LS-DYNA constitutive material model laws to simulate low velocity impact damage to composite plates. J. Aerosp. Eng. 33(6), 04020065 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)AS.1943-5525.000117110.1061/(ASCE)AS.1943-5525.0001171 ↗
38. Sadighi, M., Alderliesten, R.: Impact fatigue, multiple and repeated low-velocity impacts on FRP composites: a review. Compos. Struct. 297, 115962 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2022.11596210.1016/j.compstruct.2022.115962 ↗
39. Sethi, A., Budarapu, P., Vusa, V.: Nature-inspired bamboo-spiderweb hybrid cellular structures for impact applications. Compos. Struct. 304, 116298 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2022.11629810.1016/j.compstruct.2022.116298 ↗
40. Suhardjono, S., Priyono, P., Iswiyanti, A.S., Parulian, D., Syah Putra, A., Aisyah, N.: New technology in automatted vehicles to improve passangger safty. Int. J. Edu. Res. Soc. Sci. 2(3), 536–541 (2021). https://doi.org/10.51601/ijersc.v2i3.9610.51601/ijersc.v2i3.96 ↗
41. Sun, G., Zhang, H., Fang, J., Li, G., Li, Q.: Multi-objective and multi-case reliability-based design optimization for tailor rolled blank (TRB) structures. Struct. Multidiscip. Optim. 55(5), 1899–1916 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-016-1592-110.1007/s00158-016-1592-1 ↗
42. Talreja, R.: Damage and failure of composite materials. In: Advanced Theories for Deformation, Damage and Failure in Materials, pp. 235–280 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04354-3_510.1007/978-3-031-04354-3_5 ↗
43. Tewari, K., Pandit, M., Budarapu, P., Natarajan, S.: Analysis of sandwich structures with corrugated and spiderweb-inspired cores for aerospace applications. Thin-Walled Struct. 180, 109812 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2022.10981210.1016/j.tws.2022.109812 ↗
44. Tomasch, E., Gstrein, G.: Impacts on crash cushions-analysis of the safety performance of passenger cars with improved safety equipment compared with test vehicles based on assessment criteria as defined in EN 1317. Infrastructures 9(3), 59 (2024). https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures903005910.3390/infrastructures9030059 ↗
45. Vusa, V.R., Budarapu, P.R.: Impact analysis of thin-walled cylindrical tubes. Int. J. Comput. Methods 20(6), 2143007 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1142/S021987622143007610.1142/S0219876221430076 ↗
46. Wang, D., Li, S.: Collaborative optimization design of lightweight and crashworthiness of the front-end structures of automobile body using HW-GRA for pareto mining. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. C J. Mech. Eng. Sci. 235(21), 5201–5215 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1177/095440622199280210.1177/0954406221992802 ↗
47. Wang, X., Wang, S., Liu, X.: Variable thickness rolling of plates thick in the middle and thin on the sides. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 277, 116432 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2019.11643210.1016/j.jmatprotec.2019.116432 ↗
48. Xue, Y., Zhao, H., Zhang, Y., Gao, Z., Zhai, D., Li, Q., Zhao, G.: Design and multi-objective optimization of the bumper beams prepared in long glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene. Polym. Compos. 42, 2933–2947 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.2767810.1002/pc.27678 ↗
49. Yuan, L., Tang, Z., Liu, S., Wang, T., Ding, Z.: Design for copying grouser and bionic convex hull patterns on track surfaces of crawler combine harvesters. Agriculture 14(7), 1079 (2024). https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture1407107910.3390/agriculture14071079 ↗
50. Zhou, B., Zhang, H., Han, S., Ji, X.: Crashworthiness analysis and optimization of a novel thin-walled multi-cell structure inspired by bamboo. Structures 59, 105827 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2023.10582710.1016/j.istruc.2023.105827 ↗
51. Zhu, G., Yu, Q., Zhao, X., Zhang, S., Hu, P., Jiang, H.: On energy-absorbing mechanisms of metal/WF-CFRP hybrid composite columns. Polym. Compos. 41(6), 2466–2490 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.2555010.1002/pc.25550 ↗