Transformer-ultrasonic synchronised rotating sensor for detection of drum shaft defects

This study presents a novel defect detection system that combines transformer technology with ultrasonic synchronous rotation in drum shafts. Based on electromagnetic induction, a piezoelectric sensor is driven by the transformer’s secondary pulse signal to enable synchronised transmission of both transformer and ultrasonic guided waves as the drum shaft rotates. This integration improves the accuracy and reliability of defect detection. The design process centres on optimising transformer coupling efficiency, ultrasonic guided wave propagation, and synchronisation mechanisms to achieve high-resolution imaging and real-time monitoring in an easy-to-operate system. The results indicate that the system effectively detects defects by analysing echo signals, locating defects through time differences, and functions well within rotating equipment.