A vibration fault diagnosis method for vehicle bearings based on acoustic sensing technology

To improve the diagnostic sensitivity of vibration faults of removed bearings, the paper proposes a diagnostic method based on acoustic sensing technology. Firstly, a capacitive sound pressure sensor is used to collect vibration signals of vehicle bearings and perform denoising processing to calculate the modal component change rate of bearing vibration displacement. Then, based on the vibration measurement characteristics, the types of vehicle bearing vibration faults are divided. Finally, extract the features of the fault vibration signal, calculate the frequency deviation of the fault centre, and then diagnose the area where the fault signal is located based on the fuzzy membership degree between the fault signal and the normal signal. Experiment shows that the signal-to-noise ratio of the fault vibration signal obtained by this method is maintained at around 95 dB, and the diagnostic sensitivity is between 0.92 and 0.98, indicating that the method has achieved the design goal.