Investigation on thermal rheological behavior and processing map of 30CrMnSiNi2A ultra-strength steel
Source abstract
Abstract
To investigate the effects of forming parameters on the thermal rheological behavior and microstructure evolution of a 30CrMnSiNi2A ultra-strength steel during thermal plastic deformation, thermal compression tests were carried out under different forming temperatures and strain rates. The microstructure of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel suffered from thermal compression and rapid cooling was composed of lath-shaped martensite, plate-shaped martensite, and retained austenite. The sizes, morphologies, and proportions of those ferrous phases in compressed 30CrMnSiNi2A steel specimens were affected significantly by forming temperatures and strain rates. The effects of forming temperature and strain rate on austenitization and dynamic recrystallization of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel were investigated. Based on the experimental results, the constitutive equation and processing map of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel were established. The unsafe areas of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel were not only distributed in the regions with lower temperature and lower strain rate, but also distributed in the regions with higher temperature and higher strain rate. When thermal processing was conducted at 1050 °C with a strain rate of 0.1 s−1, ideal thermal plastic formability was exhibited by 30CrMnSiNi2A steel.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Metallurgy and Material Forming · Microstructure and mechanical properties · Metal Forming Simulation Techniques
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (58)
Show source-provided references
1. Chawla SL, Gupta RK (1993) Materials selection for corrosion control. ASM International, Metals Park
2. Bhadeshia HKDH, Honeycomb R (2006) Steels microstructure and properties, 3rd edn. Elsevier, London
3. Meng Y, Zhang J, Zhan H, Chen Q, Zhou J, Sugiyama S, Yanagimoto J (2019) Effects of subsequent treatments on the microstructure and mechanical properties of SKD11 tool steel samples processed by multi-stage thixoforging, Mater Sci Eng A 138070. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2019.13807010.1016/j.msea.2019.138070 ↗
4. Niu Q, Ming W, Chen M, Tang S, Li P (2017) Dynamic mechanical behavior of ultra-high strength steel 30CrMnSiNi2 A at high strain rates and elevated temperatures. J Iron Steel Res Int 24:724–72910.1016/S1006-706X(17)30109-7 ↗
5. Zhang Y, Zhan D, Qi X, Jiang Z, Zhang H (2017) Microstructure and mechanical properties of Cr14 ultra-high-strength steel at different tempering temperatures around 773 K. Mater Sci Eng A 698:152–16110.1016/j.msea.2017.05.060 ↗
6. Shi X, Zeng W, Zhao Q, Peng W, Kang C (2016) Study on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Aermet 100 steel at the tempering temperature around 482 °C. J Alloys Compd 679:184–19010.1016/j.jallcom.2016.04.087 ↗
7. Wang G, Yan Y, Li J, Huang J, Su Y, Qiao L (2013) Hydrogen embrittlement assessment of ultra-high strength steel 30CrMnSiNi2. Corros Sci 77:273–28010.1016/j.corsci.2013.08.013 ↗
8. Furuya Y (2019) A new model for predicting the gigacycle fatigue strength of high-strength steels. Mater Sci Eng A 743:445–45210.1016/j.msea.2018.11.109 ↗
9. Wang Q, Zhang S, Zhang C, Wang J, Shahzad MB, Chen H, Chen J (2019) A high strength low alloy steel fabricated by direct laser deposition. Vacuum 161:225–23110.1016/j.vacuum.2018.12.030 ↗
10. Zhao Y, Tong X, Wei XH, Xu SS, Lan S, Wang XL, Zhang ZW (2019) Effects of microstructure on crack resistance and low-temperature toughness of ultra-low carbon high strength steel. Int J Plast 116:203–21510.1016/j.ijplas.2019.01.004 ↗
11. Zhao M, Huang L, Zeng R, Wen D, Su H, Li J (2019) In-situ observations and modeling of static recrystallization in 300 M steel. Mater Sci Eng A 138300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2019.13830010.1016/j.msea.2019.138300 ↗
12. Zeng R, Huang L, Su H, Ma H, Ma Y, Li J (2018) Softening characterization of 300M high-strength steel during post-dynamic recrystallization. Metals 8(5):340. https://doi.org/10.3390/met805034010.3390/met8050340 ↗
13. Skálová L, Divišová R, Jandová D (2006) Thermo-mechanical processing of low-alloy TRIP-steel. J Mater Process Technol 175:387–39210.1016/j.jmatprotec.2005.04.067 ↗
14. Liang S. Fazeli F, Zurob, H.S (2019) Effects of solutes and temperature on high-temperature deformation and subsequent recovery in hot-rolled low alloy steels, Mater Sci Eng A 138324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2019.13832410.1016/j.msea.2019.138324 ↗
15. Chen S, An YG, Lahaije C (2015) Toughness improvement in hot rolled HSLA steel plates through asymmetric rolling. Mater Sci Eng A 625:374–37910.1016/j.msea.2014.12.035 ↗
16. Yang XL, Xu YB, Tan XD et al (2015) Relationships among crystallographic texture, fracture behavior and charpy impact toughness in API X100 pipeline steel. Mater Sci Eng A 641:96–10610.1016/j.msea.2015.06.029 ↗
17. Chen XM, Song SH, Weng LQ, Liu SJ (2011) Solute grain boundary segregation during high temperature plastic deformation in a Cr–Mo low alloy steel. Mater Sci Eng A 528:7663–766810.1016/j.msea.2011.06.084 ↗
18. You Y, Teng Q, Zhang Z, Zhong Q (2016) The effect of hydrogen on the deformation mechanisms of 2.25Cr–1Mo low alloy steel revealed by acoustic emission, mater. Sci. Eng. A 655:277–282
19. Odeshi AG, Al-ameeri S, Bassim MN (2005) Effect of high strain rate on plastic deformation of a low alloy steel subjected to ballistic impact. J Mater Process Technol 162–163:385–39110.1016/j.jmatprotec.2005.02.157 ↗
20. Xue WY, Shen YF, Zhou JH, Misra RDK, Liu ZY (2019) The significant impact of grain structure on large strain-rate sensitivity of ultrafine-grained low alloy steel under nanoscale deformation: experimental and theoretical analysis. Mater Sci Eng A 755:138–14610.1016/j.msea.2019.04.028 ↗
21. Wang D, Jin J, Wang X (2017) A unified constitutive model for a low alloy steel during warm deformation considering phase differences. J Mater Process Technol 245:80–9010.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.02.020 ↗
22. Lin YC, Liu G (2009) Effects of strain on the workability of a high strength low alloy steel in hot compression. Mater Sci Eng A 523:139–14410.1016/j.msea.2009.05.056 ↗
23. Vlasov I, Panin S, Sergeev V, Lyubutin P, Bogdanov O, Maruschak P, Ovechkin B, Menou A (2015) Surface layer modification of 12Cr1MoV and 30CrMnSiNi2 steels by Zr+ ion beam to improve the fatigue durability. Procedia Technology 19:313–31910.1016/j.protcy.2015.02.045 ↗
24. Lee S, Fujii H, Ushioda K (2018) Thermodynamic calculation of the stacking fault energy in Fe-Cr-Mn-C-N steels. J Alloys Compd 749:776–78210.1016/j.jallcom.2018.03.296 ↗
25. Feng J, Song M, Sun W, Wang L, Li W, Li W (2018) Thick plain concrete targets subjected to high speed penetration of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel projectiles: tests and analyses. Int J Impact Eng 122:305–31710.1016/j.ijimpeng.2018.09.005 ↗
26. Zhang Y, Li M, Bi H, Chen D, Gu J, Chang E (2019) Mechanical properties of cold-rolled metastable Cr–Mn–Ni–N austenitic stainless steel at low ambient temperature. Mater Sci Eng A 759:224–23310.1016/j.msea.2019.05.045 ↗
27. Hao Y, Li J, Li X, Liu W, Cao G, Li C, Liu Z (2019) Influences of cooling rates on solidification and segregation characteristics of Fe-Cr-Ni-Mo-N super austenitic stainless steel. J Mater Process Technol 116326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2019.11632610.1016/j.jmatprotec.2019.116326 ↗
28. Esquivel I, Giordana MF, Druker AV (2019) Effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and shape memory behaviour of Fe-Mn-Si-Ni-Cr alloys. Mater Charact 109811. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2019.10981110.1016/j.matchar.2019.109811 ↗
29. Ennis BL, Bos C, Aarnts MP, Lee PD, Jimenez-Melero E (2018) Work hardening behaviour in banded dual phase steel structures with improved formability. Mater Sci Eng A 713:278–28610.1016/j.msea.2017.12.078 ↗
30. Kumar S, Samantaray D, Aashranth B, Keskar N, Davinci MA, Borah U, Srivastava D, Bhaduri AK (2019) Dependency of rate sensitive DRX behaviour on interstitial content of a Fe-Cr-Ni-Mo alloy. Mater Sci Eng A 743:148–15810.1016/j.msea.2018.11.062 ↗
31. Zeng R, Huang L, Li J, Li H, Zhu H, Zhang X (2019) Quantification of multiple softening processes occurring during multi-stage thermoforming of high-strength steel. Int J Plast 120:64–8710.1016/j.ijplas.2019.04.010 ↗
32. Yuan B, Zhang X, Wang Y, Chen Q, Wan Y, Zheng Y, Xing Z, Zhan H (2020) Effects of cyclic thermo-hydrogen processing on microstructural and mechanical properties of Ti6Al4V alloy at room temperature. Vacuum 171:109015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2019.10901510.1016/j.vacuum.2019.109015 ↗
33. Li L, Ye B, Liu S, Hu S, Li B (2015) Inverse analysis of the stress–strain curve to determine the materials models of work hardening and dynamic recovery. Mater Sci Eng A 636:243–24810.1016/j.msea.2015.03.115 ↗
34. Shih C, Ho N, Huang H (2009) The relationship between cyclic stress–strain curve and dislocation structures in cyclically deformed IF steel. Mater Sci Eng A 517:235–23810.1016/j.msea.2009.03.050 ↗
35. Guo J, Zhan M, Wang YY, Gao PF (2018) Unified modeling of work hardening and flow softening in two-phase titanium alloys considering microstructure evolution in thermomechanical processes. J Alloys Compd 767:34–4510.1016/j.jallcom.2018.07.079 ↗
36. Chen J, Liu Y, Liu C, Zhou X, Li H (2017) Study on microstructural evolution and constitutive modeling for hot deformation behavior of a low-carbon RAFM steel. J Mater Res 32:1376–138510.1557/jmr.2017.77 ↗
37. Tsuchida N, Nakano H, Okamoto T, Inoue T (2015) Effect of strain rate on true stress–true strain relationships of ultrafine-grained ferrite–cementite steels up to plastic deformation limit. Mater Sci Eng A 626:441–44810.1016/j.msea.2014.12.080 ↗
38. Ghadar S, Momeni A, Tolaminejad B, Soltanalinezhad M (2019) A comparative study on the hot deformation behavior of 410 stainless and K100 tool steels. Mater Sci Eng A 760:394–40610.1016/j.msea.2019.06.016 ↗
39. Meng Y, Sugiyama S, Soltanpour S, Yanagimoto J (2013) Effects of predeformation and semisolid processing on microstructure and mechanical properties of Cr-V-Mo steel. J Mater Process Technol 213:426–43310.1016/j.jmatprotec.2012.09.021 ↗
40. Inoue J, Sadeghi A, Koseki T (2019) Slip band formation at free surface of lath martensite in low carbon steel. Acta Mater 165:129–14110.1016/j.actamat.2018.11.026 ↗
41. Petersmann M, Antretter T, Cailletaud G, Sannikov A, Ehlenbröker U, Fischer F.D (2019) Unification of the non-linear geometric transformation theory of martensite and crystal plasticity - application to dislocated lath martensite in steels, Int J Plast, 119: 140–15510.1016/j.ijplas.2019.02.016 ↗
42. Wang CY, Shi J, Cao WQ, Dong H (2010) Characterization of microstructure obtained by quenching and partitioning process in low alloy martensitic steel. Mater Sci Eng A 527:3442–344910.1016/j.msea.2010.02.020 ↗
43. Zener C, Hollomon JH (1944) Effect of strain rate upon plastic flow of steel. J Appl Phys 15(1):22–3210.1063/1.1707363 ↗
44. Yanagida A, Yanagimoto J (2004) A novel approach to determine the kinetics for dynamic recrystallization by using the flow curve. J Mater Process Technol 151:33–3810.1016/j.jmatprotec.2004.04.007 ↗
45. Li D, Zhu Z, Xiao S, Zhang G, Lu Y (2017) Plastic flow behavior based on thermal activation and dynamic constitutive equation of 25CrMo4 steel during impact compression. Mater Sci Eng A 707:459–46510.1016/j.msea.2017.09.077 ↗
46. Mandal S, Rakesh V, Sivaprasad PV, Venugopal S, Kasiviswanathan KV (2009) Constitutive equations to predict high temperature flow stress in a Ti-modified austenitic stainless steel. Mater Sci Eng A 500:114–12110.1016/j.msea.2008.09.019 ↗
47. Callahan M, Perlade A, Schmitt J (2019) Interactions of negative strain rate sensitivity, martensite transformation, and dynamic strain aging in 3rd generation advanced high-strength steels. Mater Sci Eng A 754:140–15110.1016/j.msea.2019.03.042 ↗
48. Joo G, Huh H, Kwon J (2019) Evaluation of rate-dependent hardening behaviors of AHSS sheets with novel tension and compression test devices. J Mater Process Technol 270:365–37910.1016/j.jmatprotec.2019.03.011 ↗
49. Chen G, Chang X, Zhang J, Jin Y, Sun C, Chen Q, Zhao Z (2019) Microstructures and mechanical properties of in-situ Al3Ti/2024 aluminum matrix composites fabricated by ultrasonic treatment and subsequent squeeze casting. Met Mater Int. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-019-00396-y10.1007/s12540-019-00396-y ↗
50. Wang Y, Li F, Li XW, Fang WB (2019) Unusual texture formation and mechanical property in AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets processed by CVCDE. J Mater Process Technol 115360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2019.11636010.1016/j.jmatprotec.2019.116360 ↗
51. Tokita Y, Nakagaito T, Tamai Y, Urabe T (2017) Stretch formability of high strength steel sheets in warm forming. J Mater Process Technol 246:77–8410.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.03.012 ↗
52. Mohamadizadeh A, Zarei-Hanzaki A, Abedi HR, Mehtonen S, Porter D (2015) Hot deformation characterization of duplex low-density steel through 3D processing map development. Mater Charact 107:293–30110.1016/j.matchar.2015.07.028 ↗
53. Prasad Y (1996) Dynamic materials model: basis and principles - reply. Met Mater Sci 27(1):235–236
54. Cai Z, Ji H, Pei W, Tang X, Huang X, Liu J (2019) Hot workability, constitutive model and processing map of 3Cr23Ni8Mn3N heat resistant steel. Vacuum 165:324–33610.1016/j.vacuum.2019.04.041 ↗
55. Jeong HT, Han SH, Kim WJ (2019) Effects of large amounts of mg (5–13 wt%) on hot compressive deformation behavior and processing maps of Al-mg alloys. J Alloys Compd 788:1282–129910.1016/j.jallcom.2019.02.293 ↗
56. Long S, Xia Y, Wang P, Zhou Y, Gong-ye F, Zhou J, Zhang J, Cui M (2019) Constitutive modelling, dynamic globularization behavior and processing map for Ti-6Cr-5Mo-5V-4Al alloy during hot deformation. J Alloys Compd 796:65–7610.1016/j.jallcom.2019.05.031 ↗
57. Momeni A, Dehghani K, Ebrahimi GR, Kazemi S (2013) Developing the processing maps using the hyperbolic sine constitutive equation. Metall Mater Trans A 44:5567–557610.1007/s11661-013-1841-5 ↗
58. Eskandari M, Zarei-Hazanki A, Mohtadi-Bonab M, Odeshi A, Szpunar J (2015) Microstructure and texture evolution in 21Mn–2.5Si–1.6Al–Ti steel subjected to dynamic impact loading. Mater Sci Eng A 622:160–16710.1016/j.msea.2014.11.017 ↗