journal article·2012-12

Experiences from experimental and numerical springback studies of a semi-industrial forming tool

Per-Anders Eggertsen, Kjell Mattiasson

Publisher page

Abstract

The work reported in the present paper constitutes a part of a project on simulation of springback in sheet metal forming. Previous work in this project has been concentrated on material modeling and characterization with focus on springback applications. It has been demonstrated that, with proper considerations of all aspects of the material model and the material properties, excellent springback results can be obtained for simple problems. At the simulation of real, industrial parts, a number of additional problems are encountered. Many of these problems are associated with deviations from nominal geometries and other properties. These are examples of factors that influence the outcome of the forming process, but are unknown to the analyst, and can therefore not be considered in the simulation of the forming process. Other phenomena are known to exist, but due to their complexity, they are practically impossible to consider in industrial simulations. Examples of such phenomena are the true frictional behavior in contacts between the blank and the tools, and the flexibility of the press and the forming tool. The influence of these kinds of effects is discussed in the present paper. In the current study, a semi-industrial tool, specially designed to catch those springback problems that are encountered in the forming of real industrial, parts, is used. The tool includes several characteristics that can be found in typical forming tools, such as several draw radius steps and change-over in section geometries. Effects like flange/wall angle changes, sidewall curl and twist are obtained at springback. The sensitivity of the predicted springback is evaluated with respect to various numerical factors, such as the friction coefficient, the material model, and the mesh density. Finally, the quality of the predicted springback behavior for four different materials, commonly used in the automotive industry, is evaluated.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Metal Forming Simulation Techniques · Metallurgy and Material Forming · Mechanical stress and fatigue analysis

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (41)

Show source-provided references
1. Eggertsen PA, Mattiasson K (2010) On constitutive modeling for springback analysis. Int J Mech Sci 52:804–81810.1016/j.ijmecsci.2010.01.008 ↗
2. Eggertsen PA, Mattiasson K (2009) On the modeling of the bending-unbending behaviour for accurate springback predictions. Int J Mech Sci 51:547–56310.1016/j.ijmecsci.2009.05.007 ↗
3. Eggertsen PA (2009) Prediction of springback in sheet metal forming, with emphasis on material modeling. Licentiate thesis, Chalmers University of Technology
4. Eggertsen PA, Mattiasson K (2010) On the identification of kinematic hardening material parameters for accurate springback predictions. Int J Mater Form. doi: 10.1007/s12289-010-1014-7
5. Mattiasson K, Sigvant M (2008) An evaluation of some recent yield criteria for industrial simulation of sheet forming proceses. Int J Mech Sci 50:774–78710.1016/j.ijmecsci.2007.11.002 ↗
6. Yoshida F, Uemori T, Fujiwara K (2002) Elastic-plastic behavior of steel sheets under in-plane cyclic tension-compression at large strain. Int J Plast 18:633–65910.1016/S0749-6419(01)00049-3 ↗
7. Banabic D, Aretz H, Comsa DS, Paraianu L (2005) An improved analytical description of orthotropy in metallic sheets. Int J Plast 21:493–51210.1016/j.ijplas.2004.04.003 ↗
8. Aretz H (2005) A non-quadratic plane stress yield function for orthotropic sheet metals. J Mater Proc Tech 168:1–910.1016/j.jmatprotec.2004.10.008 ↗
9. Barlat F, Brem JC, Yoon JW, Chung K, Dick RE, Lege DJ, Pourboghrat F, Choi SH, Chu E (2003) Plane stress yield function for aluminum alloy sheets—Part I: theory. Int J Plast 19:1297–131910.1016/S0749-6419(02)00019-0 ↗
10. Logan RW, Hosford WF (1980) Upper-bound anisotropic yield locus calculations assuming (111)-pencil glide. Int J Mech Sci 27:419–43010.1016/0020-7403(80)90011-9 ↗
11. Sigvant M, Mattiassson K, Vegter H, Thilderkvist P (2009) A viscous pressure bulge test for the determination of a plastic hardening curve and equibiaxial material data. Int J Mater Form 4:235–24210.1007/s12289-009-0407-y ↗
12. Yoshida F, Uemori T (2003) A model of large-strain cyclic plasticity and its application to springback simulation. Int J Mech Sci 45:1687–170210.1016/j.ijmecsci.2003.10.013 ↗
13. Matuszak A (2000) Factors influencing friction in steel sheet forming. J Mater Proc Tech 106:250–25310.1016/S0924-0136(00)00625-7 ↗
14. Hu Z, Schulze Niehoff H, Vollertsen F (2003). Determination of the friction coefficient in deep drawing. In: Proceedings of the 1st Colloquium Processcaling, Bremen, Germany
15. Grueebler R, Hora P (2009) Temperature dependent friction modeling for sheet metal forming. Int J Mater Form 2:251–25410.1007/s12289-009-0548-z ↗
16. Coello J, Miguel V, Ferrer C, Calatayud, Martinez A (2007) Study of the frictional behavior of austenitic stainless steel sheet under flat-die friction testing. In: Proceedings of the International deep-drawing research group IDDRG 2007 international conference, Györ, Hungary, pp. 139–146
17. Oliveira MC, Alves JL, Menezes LF, Padmanabhan R, Ramalho A (2008). Modelling Coulomb’s friction coefficient in numerical simulation of deep drawing processes. In: Proceedings of the International deep-drawing research group IDDRG 2008 international conference, Olofström, Sweden, pp. 291–302
18. Behrens B-A, Sabitovic A (2008) Modelling of friction in deep drawing considering irreversible sheet surfaces changes. In: Proceedings of the International deep-drawing research group IDDRG 2008 international conference, Olofström, Sweden, pp. 125–132
19. Booker JD, Truman CE (2008) A statistical study of the coefficient of friction under different loading regimes. J App Phys D Appl Phys 41:17400310.1088/0022-3727/41/17/174003 ↗
20. Wiklund D, Rosén B-G, Wihlborg A (2009) A friction model evaluated with results from a bending-under-tension test. Trib Int 42:1448–145210.1016/j.triboint.2009.05.008 ↗
21. Santos A, Teixiera P (2008) A study on experimental benchmarks and simulation results in sheet metal forming. J Mater Proc Tech 199:327–33610.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.08.039 ↗
22. LS-DYNA keyword user’s manual, Volume I, Version 971, Livermore Software technology corporation (LSTC), 2007.
23. Mattiasson K, Strange A, Thilderkvist P, Samuelsson A (1995). Simulation of springback in sheet metal forming. In: Simulation of Materials Processing: Theory, Methods and Applications 115–124.
24. Oliveira MC, Alves JL, Menezes LF (2008) Algorithms and strategies for treatment of large deformation frictional contact in the numerical simulation of deep drawing process. Arch Comp Meth Eng 15:113–16210.1007/s11831-008-9018-x ↗
25. Matuszak A (2000) Factors influencing friction in steel sheet forming. J Mater Proc Tech 106:250–25310.1016/S0924-0136(00)00625-7 ↗
26. Haar R (1996) Friction in sheet metal forming: the influence of (local) contact conditions and deformation. University of Twente, The Netherlands, Dissertation
27. Emmens WC (1997) Tribology of flat contacts and its application in deep drawing. University of Twente, The Netherlands, Dissertation
28. Wouters P, Daniel D, Magny C (2001). Selection and identification of friction models for the 3DS materials-determination of the frictional behaviour. WP3, Task 1, 18-Months Progress Report of the Digital Die Design Systems (3DS), IMS 1999 000051.
29. Andersson A (2006) Numerical and experimental evaluation of springback in advanced high strength steel. J Mater Eng Per 16:301–30710.1007/s11665-007-9056-9 ↗
30. Andersson A, Wiklund D, Cedell T, Moshfegh R, Rosén B-G, Ståhl J-E, Nilsson L, Thilderkvist P (2007) Flex-rail—A flexible semi industrial test tool for various analyses of the sheet metal forming process. Swedish Production Symposium 2007
31. Roll K (2008) Simulation of sheet metal forming—Necessary developments in the future. LS-DYNA Anwendenerforum 2008, Bamberg, Germany
32. Col A, Santos A (2003) “3DS” project results concerning springback experiments. In: Proceedings of the International deep-drawing research group IDDRG 2003 international conference, Bled, Slovenia
33. Lingbeek RA, Meinders T (2007) Towards efficient modelling of macro and micro tool deformations in sheet metal forming. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Numerical Methods in Industrial Forming Processes, NUMIFORM 2007, June 17–21. Porto, Portugal10.1063/1.2740896 ↗
34. Atzema EH, Horn CHLJ, Vegter H (2004) Influence of tooling layout on sheet forming process analysis. In: Proceedings of the European Congress on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences Engineering, ECCOMAS 2004, July 24–28, Jyväskylä, Finland
35. Clarke M, He J (2008) Sheet metal forming simulation and real world tooling. In: Proceedings of the 10th International LS-DYNA Users Conference, June 8–10, Detroit MI, USA
36. Keum YT, Ahn IH, Lee IK, Song MH, Kwon SO, Park JS (2005) Simulation of stamping process of automotive panel considering die deformation. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference and Workshop on Numerical Simulation of 3D Sheet Metal Forming Process, NUMISHEET 2005, August 15–19, Detroit, USA, pp. 90–9510.1063/1.2011199 ↗
37. Lingbeek RA, Meinders T, Rietman A (2008) Tool and blank interaction in the cross-die forming process. Int J Mater Form Suppl 1:161–16410.1007/s12289-008-0016-1 ↗
38. Haufe A, Roll K, Bogon P (2005). Sheet metal forming simulation with elastic tools in LS-DYNA. In: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference and Workshop on Numerical Simulation of 3D Sheet Metal Forming Process, NUMISHEET 2005, September 1–5, Interlaken, Switzerland, pp. 743–748
39. Großmann K, Weimer H, Hardtmann A, Penter L, Kriechenbauer S (2009) Adjusting the contact surface of forming tools in order to compensate for elastic deformations during the process. In: Proceedings of the 7th European LS-DYNA Conference, Salzburg, Austria
40. Bernhardsson A (2010) Sheet metal forming simulations including elastic tools. Master thesis. Linköping University, Division of Solid Mechanics
41. Maker BN, Zhu X (2000) Input parameters for metal forming simulation using LS-DYNA. Livermore Software technology corporation (LSTC)