journal article·2021-12Open access

Multiaxial fatigue criteria for prestressed strengthening of steel connections

Hossein Heydarinouri, Alain Nussbaumer, Masoud Motavalli, Elyas Ghafoori

Abstract

In this study, the high-cycle fatigue behavior of bridge connections subjected to distortion-induced loadings (generating multiaxial stresses) and strengthened with prestressed elements were experimentally investigated. Thereafter, appropriate critical plane-based multiaxial fatigue thresholds based on the modified Wohler curve method (MWCM) and Fatemi-Socie's (FS) criteria were used to predict the initiation of cracks in the angles considering the estimated fully reversed uniaxial and shear fatigue limits as well as residual stresses. The prestressed strengthening system was effective in reducing the mean values as a result of the prestressing force, enabling a shift in the stress state to below the initiation threshold.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Fatigue and fracture mechanics · Structural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete · Structural Load-Bearing Analysis

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (64)

Show source-provided references
1. Fatigue-prone details in steel bridges10.3390/buildings2040456 ↗
2. Al-Emrani M. Fatigue in Riveted Railway Bridges. PhD Thesis. Gothenburg, Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology; 2002.
3. Identifying effective and ineffective retrofits for distortion fatigue cracking in steel bridges using field instrumentation10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0702(2006)11:6(745) ↗
4. Fisher JW, Yen B, Wang D, Mann J. Fatigue and fracture evaluation for rating riveted bridges. Washington, DC, United States: Transportation Research Board; 1987.
5. Fatigue strength of riveted bridge members10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1990)116:11(2968) ↗
6. Overlooked secondary effects in open-deck truss bridges10.2749/101686604777963612 ↗
7. Wilson WM, Coombe VV. Fatigue tests of connection angles, N. Series 317, Editor. Bulletin of University of Illinois Urbana; 1939.
8. Rivet clamping force of as-built hot-riveted connections in steel bridges10.1016/j.jcsr.2020.105955 ↗
9. Kühn B, et al. Assessment of existing steel structures: Recommendations for estimation of remaining fatigue life. Joint Research Centre of Eurocodes; 2008. http://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC43401.
10. Fatigue of riveted connections10.1139/l85-017 ↗
11. Fatigue life extension of riveted connections10.1061/JSDEAG.0004236 ↗
12. Bowman MD. Fatigue evaluation of steel bridges. vol. 721. Transportation Research Board; 2012.10.17226/22774 ↗
13. Extending the fatigue life of riveted coped stringer connections10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0702(2005)10:1(69) ↗
14. Zhao X-L. FRP-strengthened metallic structures. CRC Press; 2013.10.1201/b15548 ↗
15. Fatigue and overloading behavior of steel-concrete composite flexural members strengthened with high modulus CFRP materials10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2007)11:6(659) ↗
16. Mertz DR, Gillespie JWJ. Rehabilitation of steel bridge girders through the application of advanced composite materials. Contract NCHRP-93-ID011. Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board; 1996.
17. Proposed design guidelines for strengthening of steel bridges with FRP materials10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.03.003 ↗
18. Prestressed CFRP-strengthening and long-term wireless monitoring of an old roadway metallic bridge10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.09.042 ↗
19. Innovative CFRP-prestressing system for strengthening metallic structures10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000559 ↗
20. Design criterion for fatigue strengthening of riveted beams in a 120-year-old railway metallic bridge using pre-stressed CFRP plates10.1016/j.compositesb.2014.08.026 ↗
21. Fatigue behavior of notched steel beams reinforced with bonded CFRP plates: Determination of prestressing level for crack arrest
22. Proposed criterion for fatigue strengthening of riveted bridge girders10.1016/j.prostr.2019.12.052 ↗
23. Strengthening of a 19th-century roadway metallic bridge using nonprestressed bonded and prestressed unbonded CFRP plates10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.03.095 ↗
24. Flat prestressed unbonded retrofit system for strengthening of existing metallic I-girders10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.08.026 ↗
25. Development of mechanical strengthening system for bridge connections using prestressed CFRP rods10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002923 ↗
26. Strengthening of steel connections in a 92-year-old railway bridge using prestressed CFRP rods: Multiaxial fatigue design criterion10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0001714 ↗
27. A comparative study between Fe-SMA and CFRP reinforcements for prestressed strengthening of metallic structures10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.07.169 ↗
28. Iron-based shape memory alloy (Fe-SMA) for fatigue strengthening of cracked steel bridge connections10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.116800 ↗
29. 1-9 E. Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures-Part 1-9: Fatigue. European Committee for Standardization: Brussels, Belgium; 2005.
30. Officials T. Standard specifications for highway bridges. AASHTO; 2002.
31. Adamson DEJ. Fatigue tests of riveted bridge girders; 1995.
32. Experimental study on the fatigue performance of riveted girders
33. fatigue and fracture of riveted bridge members10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1990)116:1(198) ↗
34. Fatigue life extension of riveted connections
35. Fatigue behavior of mechanically fastened double angle shear connections in steel bridges
36. Abouelmaaty WM. Experimental fatigue evaluation of steel double-angle connections in railway bridges; 1998.
37. FE analysis of stringer-to-floor-beam connections in riveted railway bridges10.1016/S0143-974X(02)00114-1 ↗
38. Numerical modelling of riveted railway bridge connections for fatigue evaluation10.1016/j.engstruct.2007.02.011 ↗
39. A critical plane approach to multiaxial fatigue damage including out-of-phase loading10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01169.x ↗
40. Socie · 2000
41. The mean stress effect on the high-cycle fatigue strength from a multiaxial fatigue point of view10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2004.11.012 ↗
42. Multiaxial fatigue limits and material sensitivity to non-zero mean stresses normal to the critical planes10.1111/j.1460-2695.2008.01228.x ↗
43. A bi-parametric Wöhler curve for high cycle multiaxial fatigue assessment10.1046/j.1460-2695.2002.00462.x ↗
44. Stephens RI, Fatemi A, Stephens RR, Fuchs HO. Metal fatigue in engineering. John Wiley & Sons; 2000.
45. Determination of minimum CFRP pre-stress levels for fatigue crack prevention in retrofitted metallic beams
46. Shigley JE. Shigley's mechanical engineering design. Tata McGraw-Hill Education; 2011.
47. A retrofit theory to prevent fatigue crack initiation in aging riveted bridges using carbon fiber-reinforced polymer materials
48. Johnson JB. The materials of construction. 1st ed. New York: John Wiley and Sons; 1897. p. 537–47.
49. Frost N, Marsh K, Pook L. Metal fatigue. Oxford: Clarendon; 1974.
50. Fatigue under out-of-phase bending and torsion10.1111/j.1460-2695.1987.tb00471.x ↗
51. Nishihara T, Kawamoto M. The strength of metals under combined alternating bending and torsion with phase difference. Memoirs of the College of Engineering, Kyoto Imperial University 1945; 11(5): 85–112.
52. DIN E 6892-1: 2017-02 · 2017
53. Development of a mechanical wedge-barrel anchor for CFRP rods: Static and fatigue behaviors10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0001124 ↗
54. Cruise RB. The influence of production routes on the behaviour of stainless steel structural members; 2007.
55. Galambos TV. Guide to stability design criteria for metal structures. John Wiley & Sons; 1998.
56. Stability ECfCSCo · 1976
57. Inelastic buckling of single-angle, tee and double-angle struts10.1016/0143-974X(86)90018-0 ↗
58. Residual stress tests of high-strength steel equal angles10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000585 ↗
59. Residual-stress measurement by the sectioning method10.1007/BF02322389 ↗
60. Prime MB. Residual stress measurement by successive extension of a slot: the crack compliance method; 1999.10.1115/1.3098926 ↗
61. Experimental determination of stress intensity factors due to residual stresses10.1007/BF02317418 ↗
62. Schindler H-J. Residual stress effects on crack growth mechanisms and structural integrity. In: 9th conf on mechanical behaviour of materials, Geneva, Switzerland; 2003.
63. Some steps towards automation of the crack compliance method to measure residual stress distributions
64. Data-reduction algorithms for strain-gage rosette measurements10.1111/j.1747-1567.1989.tb01015.x ↗