Fatigue resistance of natural rubber in seawater with comparison to air
Source abstract
Abstract
Fatigue properties of filled natural rubber in seawater environment are investigated by uniaxial fatigue and crack propagation experiments, and the damage is analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The behavior under relaxing and non-relaxing loading conditions is studied and the results are compared to those obtained in air environment. For relaxing loading conditions, fatigue behavior is the same in both environments. Under non-relaxing conditions at large strain levels, for which the influence of strain-induced crystallization is important, fatigue life is longer in seawater. Such behavior could be explained by increased internal temperatures of specimens tested in air due to lower heat conductivity of air as compared to seawater. Such conclusion is also supported by the damage mechanisms observed under non-relaxing loading conditions.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Elasticity and Material Modeling · Probabilistic and Robust Engineering Design · Polymer Nanocomposites and Properties
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (35)
Show source-provided references
1. A literature survey on fatigue analysis approaches for rubber10.1016/S0142-1123(02)00008-7 ↗
2. Factors that affect the fatigue life of rubber: a literature survey10.5254/1.3547831 ↗
3. Fatigue of rubber10.5254/1.3540402 ↗
4. Relation between hysteresis and the dynamic crack growth resistance of natural rubber10.1007/BF00036325 ↗
5. Strain-induced crystallization and strength of rubber10.5254/1.3547692 ↗
6. Strain-induced crystallization of crosslinked natural rubber as revealed by X-ray diffraction using synchrotron radiation10.1295/polymj.PJ2007059 ↗
7. Strain-induced crystallization of natural rubber: a review of X-ray diffraction investigations10.5254/1.3601131 ↗
8. Fatigue life of rubber10.1021/ac50141a006 ↗
9. Rupture of rubber. I. Characteristic energy for tearing10.1002/pol.1953.120100303 ↗
10. Energy for crack growth in model rubber components10.1243/03093247V072132 ↗
11. Fatigue and fracture of elastomers10.5254/1.3538750 ↗
12. The mechanical fatigue limit for rubber10.1002/app.1965.070090405 ↗
13. Fatigue initiation and propagation in natural and synthetic rubbers10.1016/S0142-1123(01)00062-7 ↗
14. Effect of oxygen on the tear strength of elastomers10.5254/1.3538236 ↗
15. Rubber vulcanizates degradation and stabilization
16. Aging of natural rubber in air and seawater10.5254/1.3547641 ↗
17. The effect of water immersion on fatigue crack growth of two engineering rubbers10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19980801)69:5<941::AID-APP13>3.0.CO;2-R ↗
18. Effects of aqueous environments on fatigue and elastic properties of rubber
19. Fatigue behaviour of natural rubber in marine environment: comparison between air and seawater10.1016/j.matdes.2014.09.032 ↗
20. Fatigue crack nucleation and growth in filled natural rubber10.1046/j.1460-2695.2003.00678.x ↗
21. Crack precursor size for natural rubber inferred from relaxing and non-relaxing fatigue experiments10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2015.05.011 ↗
22. Effective local deformation in stretched filled rubber macromolecules10.1021/ma0303566 ↗
23. Strain-induced crystallization of carbon black-filled natural rubber during fatigue measured by in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2012.07.001 ↗
24. Compared abilities of filled and unfilled natural rubbers to crystallize in a large strain rate domain10.1016/j.compscitech.2014.12.014 ↗
25. Rublon P. Etude expérimentale multi-échelle de la propagation de fissure de fatigue dans le caoutchouc naturel. PhD Thesis: Ecole Centrale de Nantes; 2013 [in French].
26. Influence of strain rate and temperature on the onset of strain induced crystallization in natural rubber10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.01.008 ↗
27. Haigh diagram for fatigue crack initiation prediction of natural rubber components
28. Multiaxial fatigue life prediction for a natural rubber10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2005.05.011 ↗
29. Cyclic loadings and crystallization of natural rubber: an explanation of fatigue crack propagation reinforcement under a positive loading ratio10.1016/j.msea.2010.09.079 ↗
30. Multiaxial deformation and strain-induced crystallization around a fatigue crack in natural rubber10.1016/j.engfracmech.2014.04.003 ↗
31. Strain induced crystallization and melting of natural rubber during dynamic cycles10.1039/C5CP00384A ↗
32. Fatigue crack propagation in elastomer compounds: effects of strain rate, temperature, strain level and oxidation10.5254/536244 ↗
33. Chain orientation in natural rubber, Part I: The inverse yielding effect10.1140/epje/i2004-10145-6 ↗
34. Cut growth in vulcanizates of natural rubber, cis-polybutadiene, and a 50/50 blend: Part II. Cracking patterns in the strained state10.5254/1.3538840 ↗
35. Fatigue crack initiation in a carbon black-filled natural rubber10.5254/rct.15.84809 ↗