A damage model for concrete under cyclic actions

Neither damage mechanics model nor elastoplastic constitutive law can solely describe the behavior of concrete satisfactorily. In fact, they both fail to represent proper unloading slopes during cyclic loading. To overcome the disadvantages of pure plastic models and pure damage approaches, a constitutive model devised for the analysis of concrete structures, and suitable for generic two- or three-dimensional applications, is presented and validated. Multiaxial damage failure criteria are introduced to be able to adequately describe the plastic and damage behavior of concrete. The multiaxial damage failure criteria can not only deal with failure from compressive damage, tensile damage degradation under related axes, but also consider anisotropic characteristic for damage. Several numerical examples of concrete modeling are shown with the experimental counterparts to demonstrate the effectiveness of the present plastic-damage approach.