Microstructure Change of Nanosilica–Cement Composites Partially Exposed to Sulfate Attack
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract The deterioration of cement composites containing nanosilica partially exposed to sulfate attack was studied, and the microstructure change of the composites was analysed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that nanosilica–cement composites had better sulfate resistance compared to plain cement composite under partial exposure to sulfate attack, and their sulfate resistance increased as the nanosilica content increased (in the range of 0 to 5 wt% replacing cement by weight). The main sulfate products were gypsum and ettringite within the surface and inner parts, respectively in both the immersed and evaporation portions of the nanosilica–cement composites, which was consistent with the plain cement composite. Thus, the incorporation of nanosilica did not change the distribution characteristics of the sulfate products within the composites partially exposed to sulfate attack. However, the addition of nanosilica reduced the amount of sulfate products in both the immersed and evaporation portions, and their amount decreased with the increase of nanosilica content. The evaporation portions of the composites suffered chemical sulfate attack rather than sulfate salt crystallization. Nanosilica–cement composites could be applied in real partial exposure environments containing sulfate ions.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Concrete and Cement Materials Research · Innovative concrete reinforcement materials · Building materials and conservation
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (29)
Show source-provided references
1. Atahan, H. N., & Dikme, D. (2011). Use of mineral admixtures for enhanced resistance against sulfate attack. Construction Building Materials,25(8), 3450–3457.10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.03.036 ↗
2. Atewi, Y. R., Hasan, M. F., & Güneyisi, E. (2019). Fracture and permeability properties of glass fiber reinforced self-compacting concrete with and without nanosilica. Construction and Building Materials,226, 993–1005.10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.08.029 ↗
3. Behfarnia, K., & Salemi, N. (2013). The effects of nano-silica and nano-alumina on frost resistance of normal concrete. Construction and Building Materials,48, 580–584.10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.07.088 ↗
4. Bellmann, F., Möser, B., & Stark, J. (2006). Influence of sulfate solutions concentration on the formation of gypsum in sulfate resistance test specimen. Cement and Concrete Research,36(2), 358–363.10.1016/j.cemconres.2005.04.006 ↗
5. Cho, Y. K., Jung, S. H., & Choi, Y. C. (2019). Effects of chemical composition of fly ash on compressive strength of fly ash cement mortar. Construction and Building Materials,204, 255–264.10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.01.208 ↗
6. Du, H., Du, S., & Liu, X. (2014). Durability performances of concrete with nano-silica. Construction and Building Materials,73, 705–712.10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.10.014 ↗
7. Eskander, S. B., Bayoumi, T. A., & Saleh, H. M. (2012). Performance of aged cement-polymer composite immobilizing borate waste simulates during flooding scenarios. Journal of Nuclear Materials,420(1–3), 175–181.10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.09.029 ↗
8. Ghazizadeh, S., Duffour, P., Skipper, N. T., & Bai, Y. (2018). Understanding the behaviour of graphene oxide in Portland cement paste. Cement and Concrete Research,111, 169–182.10.1016/j.cemconres.2018.05.016 ↗
9. Irassar, E. F., Bonavetti, V. L., & González, M. (2003). Microstructural study of sulfate attack on ordinary and limestone Portland cements at ambient temperature. Cement and Concrete Research,33(1), 31–41.10.1016/S0008-8846(02)00914-6 ↗
10. Jalal, M., Pouladkhanet, A., Harandi, O. F., & Jafari, D. (2015). Comparative study on effects of Class F fly ash, nano silica and silica fume on properties of high performance self-compacting concrete. Construction and Building Materials,94, 90–104.10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001 ↗
11. Jo, B. W., Kim, C. H., & Lim, J. H. (2007). Investigations on the development of powder concrete with nano-SiO2 particles. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering,11(1), 37–42.10.1007/BF02823370 ↗
12. Liu, Z., Deng, D., De Schutter, G., & Yu, Z. (2011a). Micro-analysis of “salt weathering” on cement paste. Cement & Concrete Composites,33(2), 179–191.10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2010.10.010 ↗
13. Liu, Z., Deng, D., De Schutter, G., & Yu, Z. (2012). Chemical sulfate attack performance of partially exposed cement and cement + fly ash paste. Construction and Building Materials,28(1), 230–237.10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.08.071 ↗
14. Liu, Z., Hou, L., Deng, D., Zhang, F., & Hu, W. (2011b). Sodium sulfate salt crystallization distress on carbonated concrete. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society,33(2), 179–191. (In Chinese).
15. Liu, J., Yu, Q., Zuo, Z., Yang, F., Han, Z., & Qin, Q. (2019). Reactivity and performance of dry granulation blast furnace slag cement. Cement & Concrete Composites,95, 19–24.10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2018.10.008 ↗
16. Lothenbach, B., Bary, B., Le Bescop, P., Schmidt, T., & Leterrier, N. (2010). Sulfate ingress in Portland cement. Cement and Concrete Research,40(8), 1211–1225.10.1016/j.cemconres.2010.04.004 ↗
17. Mohseni, E., Miyandehi, B. M., Yang, J., & Yazdi, M. A. (2015). Single and combined effects of nano-SiO2, nano-Al2O3 and nano-TiO2 on the mechanical, rheological and durability properties of self-compacting mortar containing fly ash. Construction and Building Materials,84, 331–340.10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.03.006 ↗
18. Olsson, N., Nilsson, L., Åhs, M., & Baroghel-Bouny, V. (2018). Moisture transport and sorption in cement based materials containing slag or silica fume. Cement and Concrete Research,106, 23–32.10.1016/j.cemconres.2018.01.018 ↗
19. Said, A. M., Zeidan, M. S., Bassuoni, M. T., & Tian, Y. (2012). Properties of concrete incorporating nano-SiO2. Construction and Building Materials,36, 838–844.10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.06.044 ↗
20. Saleh, H. M., El-Saied, F. A., Salah, T., & Hezo, A. A. (2019a). Influence of severe climatic variability on the structural, mechanical and chemical stability of cement kiln dust-slag-nanosilica composite used for radwaste solidification. Construction and Building Materials,218, 556–567.10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.05.145 ↗
21. Saleh, H. M., El-Saied, F. A., Salaheldin, T. A., & Hezo, A. A. (2018). Macro- and nanomaterials for improvement of mechanical and physical properties of cement kiln dust-based composite materials. Journal of Cleaner Production,204, 532–541.10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.303 ↗
22. Saleh, H. M., El-Sheikh, S. M., Elshereafy, E. E., & Essa, A. K. (2019b). Mechanical and physical characterization of cement reinforced by iron slag and titanate nanofibers to produce advanced containment for radioactive waste. Construction and Building Materials,200, 135–145.10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.12.100 ↗
23. Saleh, H. M., El-Sheikh, S. M., Elshereafy, E. E., & Essa, A. K. (2019c). Performance of cement-slag-titanate nanofibers composite immobilized radioactive waste solution through frost and flooding events. Construction and Building Materials,223, 221–232.10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.06.219 ↗
24. Saleh, H. M., & Eskander, S. B. (2019). Impact of water flooding on hard cement-recycled polystyrene composite immobilizing radioactive sulfate waste simulate. Construction and Building Materials,222, 522–530.10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.06.173 ↗
25. Sharma, U., Singh, L. P., Zhan, B., & Poon, C. S. (2019). Effect of particle size of nanosilica on microstructure of C-S-H and its impact on mechanical strength. Cement & Concrete Composites,97, 312–321.10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2019.01.007 ↗
26. Stefanidou, M., & Papayianni, I. (2012). Influence of nano-SiO2 on the Portland cement pastes. Composites Part B Engineering,43(6), 2706–2710.10.1016/j.compositesb.2011.12.015 ↗
27. Tixier, R., & Mobasher, B. (2003). Modeling of damage in cement-based materials subjected to external sulfate attack. I: Formulation. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,15(4), 305–313.10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2003)15:4(305) ↗
28. Tobón, J. I., Payá, J., & Restrepo, O. J. (2015). Study of durability of Portland cement mortars blended with silica nanoparticles. Construction and Building Materials,80, 92–97.10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.12.074 ↗
29. Yu, R., Spiesz, P., & Brouwers, H. J. H. (2014). Effects of nano-silica on the hydration and microstructure development of Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) with a low binder amount. Construction and Building Materials,65, 140–150.10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.04.063 ↗