Fabrication of fabric-like bacterial cellulose/anthocyanin derived from Clitoria ternatea as sweat’s pH indicator for healthcare applications

Purpose Sustainable development is a pressing topic in contemporary society, posing significant challenges to global healthcare systems, particularly in regions with limited medical resources. This study aims to fabricate an eco-friendly fabric-like pH indicator for healthcare via sweat to contribute to sustainability. Design/methodology/approach Fabric-like bacterial cellulose (BC)/anthocyanin derived from Clitoria ternatea was fabricated using a textile padding method. The characteristics of fabricated material were investigated via colorimetric parameters and fastness, field emission scanning electron microscopy, material pH and colorimetric sensation under sweat pH change. Findings The resulting composite exhibits notable properties such as high color strength (K/S) of 15.59 ± 0.73 at max = 580 nm, surpassing conventional textile materials like cotton, lyocell, silk and wool (2.4–13 times higher). A comprehensive investigation into the color variation of BC/anthocyanin in response to different pH levels of artificial sweat was provided, facilitating health monitoring, particularly for individuals with communication challenges. Originality/value This study establishes an efficient padding process for the fabrication of fabric-like BC/anthocyanin composites, designed to serve as pH indicators in medical textiles. The approach offers added value to the textile industry by providing a sustainable alternative to conventional materials and laying the groundwork for further research on BC dyeing and functionalization. By utilizing industry-available technologies such as padding, this work supports the scalable development of functionalized BC.