Contact mechanics in two‐dimensional finite element modelling of fabrics

Purpose This paper proposes a simplified two‐dimensional representation of the unit cell of the fabric that involves three bodies in contact. Design/methodology/approach The fabrics are not simple homogenous structures. They have a discrete structural character and this is essential for their complex mechanical behaviour. Low stress micro‐mechanics is mainly used for the prediction of the fabric hand. Modelling of the fabric microstructure is a powerful tool for the in‐depth study of their performance. Based on the geometrical models of the fabrics, finite element analysis (FEA) is a very useful method for the mechanical analysis of their complex shape structures. Especially FEA can be applied on a system of bodies in contact by taking into account the interactions between the individual bodies. The parametric FEA analysis of the unit cell of the fabric provides interesting results about its mechanical behaviour. Findings The present work states that the use of the finite element method is a friendly and convenient method for an in‐depth study of the contact phenomena, which are dominating on the total mechanical behaviour of the fabrics. Originality/value This paper provides a simplified two‐dimensional representation of a unit cell of a fabric that involves three bodies in contact. The parametric FEA analysis of the unit cell of the fabric provides interesting results.