An innovative Azadirachta indica gum‐mediated synthesis of cocoon‐shaped nano‐AgHAp from Lamellidens marginalis shells

Abstract In this work, the evaluations of noble nanoparticles for the structural and morphological characteristics are focused. The control of desired particles size and morphology for hydroxyapatite (HAp) and Ag‐substituted hydroxyapatite (AgHAp) derived from Lamellidens marginalis shells using Azadirachta Indica (AI) gum as a potential surfactant for the synthesis of stable nanoparticles are reported. The morphological change with respect to the concentration of AI gum is analyzed. The functional group (FTIR) and crystallographic (XRD) characterization of the HAp and AgHAp nanoparticles confirm the presence of HAp with desired apatite functional peaks. The morphological evaluation (FE‐SEM) exhibited the formation of cocoon‐shaped nanoparticles for the AI gum‐medicated synthesis. Higher AI gum concentration reduces the particle size along with the formation of unique surface morphology. The average diameter of the synthesized AgHAp nanoparticles was found to be ≤30 nm which is revealed from HR‐TEM. The bacterial investigation against bacterial strains substantiates the higher resistance of bacterial growth for Staphylococcus aureus was observed than Escherichia coli for the AgHAp particles. Hence, embedding silver nanoparticles in the HAp is an efficient approach to enhance the long‐term antibacterial effect of the orthopedic and dental applications.