Glued-in rods for timber structures — a 3D model and finite element parameter studies
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract A nonlinear 3D finite element model and a theoretical parameter study in relation to glued-in rods for timber structures are presented. A strain-softening crack band model was used to characterise the behaviour of the adhesive layer between the rod and the wood. The model is general in the sense that it bridges the gap between the theory of an ideal plastic bondline and the theory of linear elastic fracture mechanics. Two parameter studies were made. One in relation to fracture energy and geometrical parameters and the second in relation to loading conditions. The results show that the fracture energy is of major importance for the pull-out load capacity, that the present model can be used to predict such phenomenon like the size effect and that the loading in pull–compression results in lower load-bearing capacities than the loading in pull–pull.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Wood Treatment and Properties · Mechanical Behavior of Composites · Material Properties and Processing
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (23)
Show source-provided references
1. Bonded glulam-steel rod connections with long anchorage length
2. Riberholt H. Glued bolts in glulam. Report R210, Department of Structural Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark, 1986.
3. Ehlbeck J, Siebert W. Praktikable Einleimmethoden und Wirkungsweisen von eingeleimten Gewindstangen unter Axialbelastung bei Übertragung von grossen Kräften und bei Aufnahme von Querzugkräften in Biegeträgern. Teil 1: Einleimmethoden/Messverfahren/Haftspannungsverlauf. Forschungsbericht: Versuchsanstalt für Stahl, Holz und Steine, Abteilung Ingenieurholzbau, Universität Karlsruhe, Germany, 1987.
4. Deng JX. Strength of epoxy bonded steel connections in glue laminated timber. Ph.D. thesis. Civil Engineering Research report 97/4. Dept. of Civil Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, 1997.
5. Aicher S, Gustafsson PJ, Wolf M. Load displacement and bond strength of glued-in rods in timber influenced by adhesive, wood density, rod slenderness and diameter. In: Boström L, editor. Proceedings of the First RILEM Symposium on timber engineering, Stockholm, pp. 369–378. RILEM Publications S.A.R.L. Cachan, France, 1999.
6. Kangas J. Joints of glulam structures based on glued-in ribbed steel rods. VTT Publications 196. Technical Research Centre of Finland. Espoo, Finland, 1994.
7. Korin U. Development of embedding loads of rebars in GLULAM. Proceedings of the 1997 Conference of IUFRO S5.02 Timber Engineering, Copenhagen, Denmark, 1997.
8. Kemmsies M. Comparison of pull-out strengths of 12 adhesives for glued-in rods for timber structures. SP REPORT 1999:20. SP Swedish National Testing and Research Institute, Building Technology. Borås, Sweden, 1999.
9. Riberholt H. Glued bolts in glulam — proposal for CIB code. Proceedings CIB-W18/21-7-2, Meeting twenty-one, Parksville, Canada, 1988.
10. Aicher S, Höfflin L, Wolf M. Influence of specimen geometry on stress distribution in pull-out tests of glued-in steel rods in wood. Otto-Graf J 9. Forschungs und Materialprüfungsanstalt Baden-Württemberg. Stuttgart, Germany, 1998.
11. Johansson C-J, Serrano E, Gustafsson PJ, Enquist B. Axial strength of glued-in bolts. Calculation model based on non-linear fracture mechanics — a preliminary study. Proceedings CIB-W18, Meeting twenty-eight, Copenhagen, Denmark, 1995.
12. Müller J, von Roth W. Untersuchungen zum Tragverhalten zur Faser in Nadelholz eingeleimte Stäben aus unterschiedlichen Materialen. Holz als Roh und Werkstoff 1991;49:85–90.10.1007/BF02614343 ↗
13. Volkersen O. Die Nietkraftverteilung in Zugbeanspruchten Nietverbindungen mit Konstanten Laschenquerschnitten. Luftfahrtforschung 1938;15:41–7.
14. Gustafsson PJ, Analysis of generalized Volkersen-joints in terms of non-linear fracture mechanics. In: Verchery G, Cardon H, editors. Mechanical behaviour of adhesive joints. Paris, France: Edition Pluralis, 1987. p. 323–38.
15. Gustafsson PJ. Predicting the pull-out strength of glued-in rods. Proceedings of the Sixth World Conference on Timber Engineering, vol. 1, Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, BC, Canada, 2000. p. 7.4.4-1–7.4.4-8.
16. Heat flow in a glulam joist with a glued-in steel rod subjected to variable ambient temperature
17. Guan ZW. Structural behaviour of glued bolt joints using FRP. Proceedings of the Fifth World Conference on Timber Engineering, vol. 1, Presses polytechniques et universitaires romandes, Lausanne, Switzerland, 1998. p. 265–72.
18. Gustafsson PJ. Fracture mechanics studies of non-yielding materials like concrete: modelling of tensile fracture and applied strength analyses. Report TVBM-1007, Lund Institute of Technology, Division of Building Materials, Lund, Sweden, 1985.
19. Eingeleimten Gewindstangen
20. Hibbitt, Karlsson & Sorensen, Inc. ABAQUS, Version 5.7. Pawtucket, RI, USA, 1997.
21. Wernersson H. Fracture characterization of wood adhesive joints. Report TVSM-1006, Lund University, Division of Structural Mechanics, 1994.
22. Influence of bondline brittleness and defects on the strength of timber finger-joints10.1016/S0143-7496(98)00048-7 ↗
23. Hellan K. Introduction to fracture mechanics. Singapore: McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1985.