Analysis of the thermal performance reduction of a groundwater source heat pump (GWHP) system
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract This paper investigates the thermal performance reduction of a groundwater heat pump (GWHP) system installed in Hubei province, China by the monitoring of the system operation over a two-year period. Pipe corrosion and deposits were detected in the maintenance of heat pumps, which might contribute to the thermal performance reduction. In order to understand the physic-chemical dynamics inside heat pumps during the system operation, the groundwater pumped out from the aquifers and the deposits collected in a condenser of a heat pump were analyzed. The groundwater has electrical conductivity of 973 μS/cm, indicating low salinity. The X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis shows the deposits were composed mainly of 66.4% Fe2O3 and 17.8% CaCO3, indicating both effects of iron oxidation and groundwater fouling. The corrosion effects on the heat transfer efficiency of metal pipes were examined. The heat transfer coefficient (HTC) comparison of a raw pipe and three rusted pipes show that the HTC of the rusted pipes was reduced by 8.3-41.5%, meaning a significant decrease in heat transfer efficiency. It is verified that the thermal reduction of the GWHP system could be attributed to the pipe corrosion which desires to be carefully considered in system design and operation in future.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Geothermal Energy Systems and Applications · Groundwater flow and contamination studies · CO2 Sequestration and Geologic Interactions
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (32)
Show source-provided references
1. General review of ground-source heat pump systems for heating and cooling of buildings10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.11.068 ↗
2. Suitability and feasibility study on the application of groundwater source heat pump (GWSHP) system in residential buildings for different climate zones in China10.1016/j.egyr.2020.09.015 ↗
3. Developmental status and challenges of GWHP and ATES in China10.1016/j.rser.2014.10.079 ↗
4. Performance analysis of ground water-source heat pump system with improved control strategies for building retrofit10.1016/j.renene.2015.02.021 ↗
5. Failure Analysis of Micro-channel Condenser of Air Source Heat Pump Water Heater10.1016/j.engfailanal.2021.105250 ↗
6. Experimental study on fouling in the heat exchangers of surface water heat pumps10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2014.06.009 ↗
7. Failure analysis on abnormal wall thinning of heat-transfer titanium tubes of condensers in nuclear power plant Part I: Corrosion and wear10.1016/j.engfailanal.2013.11.003 ↗
8. L. Burté, C.A. Cravotta, L. Bethencourt, et al., Kinetic study on clogging of a geothermal pumping well triggered by mixing-induced biogeochemical reactions, Environ. Sci. Technol., 53 (2019) 5848–5857.10.1021/acs.est.9b00453 ↗
9. Metallurgical investigation of a heat-exchanger tube of 70/30 cupronickel failed by fretting corrosion10.1016/j.engfailanal.2020.104756 ↗
10. Corrosion failure analysis of galvanized steel pipes in a closed water cooling system10.1016/j.engfailanal.2017.10.008 ↗
11. A metallographic case study of formicary corrosion in heat exchanger copper tubes10.1016/j.engfailanal.2020.104502 ↗
12. Influence of chlorine Ion on corrosion behavior of metal materials used in power plants
13. Analysis of 'classical' deposition rate law for crystallisation fouling10.1016/j.cep.2007.03.016 ↗
14. I.B. Obot, A. Meroufel, I. B. Onyeachu, A. Alenazi, A.A, Sorour, Corrosion inhibitors for acid cleaning of desalination heat exchangers: Progress, challenges and future perspectives, J. Mol. Liq., 296 (2019) 111760.10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111760 ↗
15. Geochemical study for utilization of groundwater heat by open heat pump system in northern Okayama and Akaiwa city areas with low precipitation in Japan
16. Calcium carbonate fouling on double-pipe heat exchanger with different heat exchanging surfaces10.1016/j.powtec.2017.03.057 ↗
17. Composite crystallization fouling characteristics of normal solubility salt in double-pipe heat exchanger10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2020.119883 ↗
18. Experimental performance evaluation of a novel anti-fouling wastewater source heat pump system with a wastewater tower10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.12.033 ↗
19. Membrane distillation for concentration of hypersaline brines from the Great Salt Lake: Effects of fouling and fouling on performance, efficiency, and salt rejection10.1016/j.seppur.2016.06.028 ↗
20. Physical Properties of Iron-Oxide Scales on Si-Containing Steels at High Temperature10.2320/matertrans.M2009097 ↗
21. Difference in the characteristics of the rust layers on carbon steel and their corrosion behavior in an acidic medium: Limiting factors for cleaner pickling10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.11.066 ↗
22. Effect of corrosion on performance of fin-and-tube heat exchangers with different fin materials10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2011.10.008 ↗
23. Effects of Corrosion on Heat Transfer Characteristics of Double-Tube Heat Exchangers10.14233/ajchem.2015.19517 ↗
24. Thermo-economic comparison of coal-fired boiler-based and groundwater-heat-pump based heating and cooling solution -A case study on a greenhouse in Hubei
25. Fouling and clogging surveillance in open loop GSHP systems10.1007/s10064-019-01556-5 ↗
26. Y.b. L, Research on Recharge Problem of GSHP in Shallow Geothermal Energy Development. Water Resour. Power, 29 (2011) 126–128.
27. GB 50366-2009, Technical specifications for ground source heat pump system engineering. China Construction Industry Press, Beijing, China 2009.
28. Corrosion failure analysis of low alloy steel and carbon steel rebar in tropical marine atmospheric environment: Outdoor exposure and indoor test10.1016/j.engfailanal.2021.105720 ↗
29. Preparation of Cu-MOFs and its corrosion inhibition effect for carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solution10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114328 ↗
30. The effect of heat transfer enhancement on the crystallization fouling in a double pipe heat exchanger10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2017.04.015 ↗
31. Experimental investigation on heat transfer in laminar, transitional and turbulent circular pipe flow with respect to flow regime boundaries10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.118746 ↗
32. Corrosion fouling of carbon steel for convective heat transfer in an annulus10.1080/01457632.2010.483880 ↗