Interpretation of Electrochemical Potentiokinetic Reactivation data in the presence of sulphide/oxysulphide inclusions in 316LN stainless steel
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract This paper presents the Electrochemical Potentiokinetic Reactivation (EPR) parameters obtained for non-sensitised 316LN stainless steel containing sulphide/oxysulphide inclusions. Even in the absence of sensitization, reactivation peaks were obtained in single loop and double loop EPR experiments for longitudinal and cross transverse sections. Using Laser Raman Spectroscope, Raman maps of Cr (VI) oxide were obtained around the inclusions. It was inferred that the reactivation peak is due to dissolution of sulphide inclusions and chromium depleted zones arising around chromium segregated flow lines. The need to interpret EPR parameters carefully in the presence of sulphide inclusions is emphasised.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion behaviors in metals · Corrosion Behavior and Inhibition · Nuclear Materials and Properties
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (36)
Show source-provided references
1. Effect of shape of sulfide inclusions on anisotropy of inclusion spacing and on directionality of ductility in hot rolled C-Mn steels10.1007/BF02644720 ↗
2. Influence of non-metal inclusions on mechanical properties of CLAM steel10.1016/j.fusengdes.2008.12.037 ↗
3. Initiation of pitting at sulfide inclusions in stainless steel10.1149/1.2401840 ↗
4. Pitting corrosion of metal: a review of the critical factors10.1149/1.1838615 ↗
5. A comparison of the general and localized corrosion resistance of conventional and rapidly solidified AISI 303 stainless steel10.5006/1.3584897 ↗
6. On the initiation of crevice corrosion on stainless steel10.1149/1.2132779 ↗
7. Effect of sulphide inclusions in a commercial SS on the nucleation of corrosion pits10.1016/S0010-938X(69)80048-X ↗
8. Electron microprobe study of the effect of sulphide inclusions on the nucleation of corrosion pits in stainless steels10.1179/000705970798324540 ↗
9. Studies by Auger spectroscopy of pit initiation at the site of inclusions in stainless steel10.1016/0010-938X(90)90047-9 ↗
10. Role of manganese sulfide inclusions on pit initiation of super austenitic stainless steels10.5006/1.3277537 ↗
11. Pitting and sulphide inclusions in steel10.1016/S0010-938X(74)80047-8 ↗
12. The role of inclusions on initiation of crevice corrosion of stainless steel: experimental studies10.1149/1.2096896 ↗
13. Critical factors in Localised Corrosion – II
14. Why stainless steel corrodes10.1038/415770a ↗
15. Explanation for initiation of pitting corrosion of stainless steel at sulphide inclusions10.1149/1.1393431 ↗
16. High resolution characterization of region around MnS inclusions in stainless steel alloys10.5006/1.3287741 ↗
17. The composition of the boundary region of MnS inclusions in stainless steel and its relevance in triggering pitting corrosion10.1016/j.corsci.2004.05.023 ↗
18. Case reviews on the effect of microstructure on the corrosion behavior of austenitic alloys for processing and storage of nuclear waste10.1007/s11661-005-0201-5 ↗
19. Controlling end-grain corrosion of austenitic stainless steels10.1007/s11665-007-9117-0 ↗
20. Understanding corrosion in nitric acid environment: evolution of corrosion resistant stainless steel
21. S.K. Ray, V. Shankar, V. Balasubramaniam, V.K. Sethi, Heat treatment of austenitic stainless steel components in Proceedings of the Seminar on Materials R&D for PFBR, January 1–2, 2003, pp. 215–232.
22. ASM Committee on Heat treating, Metals Hand Book, ninth ed., ASM, Metals Park, OH, 1981, pp. 647.
23. Influence of chemical composition, prior deformation and prolonged thermal aging on the sensitization characteristics of austenitic stainless steels10.1016/S0022-3115(02)00915-7 ↗
24. Influence of metallurgical variables on sensitisation kinetics in austenitic stainless steels10.1179/174328005X14348 ↗
25. Sensitization behaviour of modified 316N and 316L stainless steel weld metals after complex annealing and stress relieving cycles10.1016/j.jnucmat.2006.04.006 ↗
26. Time–temperature-sensitization diagrams and critical cooling rates of different nitrogen containing austenitic stainless steels10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.01.003 ↗
27. Standard practices for detecting susceptibility to intergranular attack in stainless steels, A262-10, ASTM Annual Books, vol. 01.03, ASTM Publications, Philadelphia, 2002.
28. On the development of the electrochemical potentiokinetic method10.1016/S0013-4686(01)00674-0 ↗
29. Standard test method for determining inclusion content of steel, ASTM E45-10e1, ASTM Annual Book, vol. 03.01, ASTM Publications, Philadelphia.
30. Ram Kishor Gupta, N. Parvathavarthini, A. Vinod Kumar, R.K Dayal, Influence of inclusion and specimen orientations on intergranular corrosion testing of AISI 316 LN stainless steel, T. Indian I. Metals [in press].
31. Standard Test Method for Electrochemical Reactivation (EPR) for Detecting Sensitization of AISI Type 304 and 304L Stainless Steels, G108-94 (2010), ASTM, Annual Books, vol. 3.02, ASTM Publications, Philadelphia, 2010.
32. Pitting corrosion of the laser surface melted alloy 60010.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.08.015 ↗
33. Corrosion on the atomic scale10.1179/bcj.1990.25.1.21 ↗
34. The influence of sulphur on the dissolution and the passivation of a nickel-iron alloy-II. Surface analysis by ESCA10.1016/0010-938X(84)90013-1 ↗
35. Characterisation of passive films on 300 series stainless steels10.1016/j.apsusc.2006.03.081 ↗
36. Molecular composition of iron oxide nanoparticles, precursors for magnetic drug targeting, as characterized by confocal Raman microspectroscopy10.1039/b419004a ↗