A review of the potential environmentally assisted failure mechanisms of austenitic stainless steel storage containers housing stabilized radioactive compounds
Source abstract
Abstract
The degradation of stainless steel storage containers is a potential problem for 50-year storage of stabilized plutonium-bearing materials. Container materials and their welds will be exposed to ionizing radiation, elevated temperatures, embrittling and/or alloying agents (e.g., gallium and plutonium), chloride-containing compounds, and a limited quantity of moisture. All the above-listed environmental conditions have been shown to be deleterious to material integrity under certain conditions. Although the volume of the literature concerning failure of stainless steels is quite large, the interaction of the environment present within storage containers with stainless steels has not been comprehensively examined. This work attempts to detail selected relevant studies and assess the failure likelihood for storage of stabilized plutonium compounds.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Nuclear and radioactivity studies · Hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion behaviors in metals · Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (100+)
Show source-provided references
1. Criteria for preparing and packaging plutonium metals and oxides for long-term storage, Department of Energy, DOE-STD-3013-99, November 1999
2. Stakebake · J. Nucl. Mater. · 1971 · 38 · 24110.1016/0022-3115(71)90054-7 ↗
3. Huang · J. Nucl. Mater. · 1996 · 231 · 7410.1016/0022-3115(96)00366-2 ↗
4. Dunn · Corrosion · 1996 · 52 · 11510.5006/1.3292102 ↗
5. Cragnolino · Corrosion · 1991 · 47 · 46410.5006/1.3585280 ↗
6. Sridhar · Corrosion · 1993 · 49 · 88510.5006/1.3316014 ↗
7. Shoesmith · Corrosion · 1997 · 53 · 82010.5006/1.3290267 ↗
8. D.D. Macdonald, M. Urquidi-Macdonald, J. Lolcama, in: G.A. Cragnolino, N. Sridhar (Eds.), Application of accelerated corrosion tests to service life predictions of materials, ASTM STP 1194, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1994
9. J.W. Braithwaite, ASM Handbook, vol. 13, Corrosion, American Society for Metals International, Metals Park, OH, 1992, p. 971
10. Cragnolino · Corrosion · 1996 · 52 · 19410.5006/1.3292114 ↗
11. D.G. Kolman, An assessment of the corrosion, stress corrosion cracking and embrittlement susceptibility of 3013 storage containers, Los Alamos National Laboratory Report, LA-UR-98-5762, December 199810.2172/582206 ↗
12. A.J. Sedriks, Corrosion of Stainless Steels, second ed., Wiley, New York, 1996, p. 15
13. R.M. Davison, T. DeBold, M.J. Johnson, ASM Handbook, vol. 13, Corrosion, American Society for Metals International, Metals Park, OH, 1992, p. 547
14. Parvathavarthini · J. Nucl. Mater. · 1989 · 168 · 8310.1016/0022-3115(89)90568-0 ↗
15. Parvathavarthini · Br. Corros. J. · 1991 · 26 · 6710.1179/000705991798269332 ↗
16. Parvathavarthini · J. Nucl. Mater. · 1994 · 208 · 25110.1016/0022-3115(94)90334-4 ↗
17. Briant · Scripta Metall. · 1979 · 13 · 17710.1016/0036-9748(79)90288-6 ↗
18. Mozhi · Scripta Metall. · 1987 · 21 · 154710.1016/0036-9748(87)90298-5 ↗
19. T.D. Knight, R.G. Steinke, Thermal analyses of plutonium materials in British Nuclear Fuels Ltd. containers, Los Alamos National Laboratory Report, LA-UR-97-1866, June 1997
20. B. Flamm, Los Alamos National Laboratory, unpublished data
21. O.J. Wick (Ed.), Plutonium Handbook, A Guide to the Technology, American Nuclear Society, La Grange Park, IL, 1980, p. 848
22. L. Morales, Preliminary report on the recombination rates of hydrogen and oxygen over pure and impure plutonium oxides, Los Alamos National Laboratory Report, LA-UR-99-5200, January 1999
23. Haschke · J. Alloys Compds. · 1997 · 252 · 14810.1016/S0925-8388(96)02627-8 ↗
24. J.M. Haschke, T.E. Ricketts, Plutonium dioxide storage: conditions for handling and storage, Los Alamos National Laboratory Report, LA-12999-MS, August 199510.2172/102494 ↗
25. Stakebake · J. Colloid. Interf. Sci. · 1973 · 42 · 32810.1016/0021-9797(73)90296-8 ↗
26. Stakebake · Appl. Spectrosc. · 1971 · 25 · 7010.1366/000370271774371155 ↗
27. Haschke · J. Alloys Compds. · 1996 · 243 · 2310.1016/S0925-8388(96)02328-6 ↗
28. Materials identification and surveillance project item evaluation item: rocky flats plutonium oxide sample 011589, Los Alamos National Laboratory Report, LA-UR-98-2005, 1998
29. Stakebake · J. Alloys Compds. · 1993 · 202 · 25110.1016/0925-8388(93)90547-Z ↗
30. A.J. Sedriks, Corrosion of Stainless Steels, second ed., Wiley, New York, 1996
31. Dillon · 1995
32. L.L. Shrier, R.A. Jarman, G.T. Burstein, Corrosion, third ed., Butterworth Heinemann, London, pp. 3–34
33. C. Leygraf, in: P. Marcus, J. Oudar (Eds.), Atmospheric corrosion, Corrosion Mechanisms in Theory and Practice, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1995, pp. 449–455
34. Vernon · Trans. Faraday Soc. · 1931 · 27 · 25510.1039/TF9312700255 ↗
35. Vernon · Trans. Faraday Soc. · 1935 · 31 · 166810.1039/TF9353101668 ↗
36. Vernon · Trans. Faraday Soc. · 1935 · 31 · 167810.1039/TF9353101668 ↗
37. Hawkins · Trans. ASME · 1944 · 66 · 291
38. Edeleanu · J. Iron Steel Inst. · 1957 · 186 · 406
39. Carter · Corrosion · 1984 · 40 · 20510.5006/1.3581942 ↗
40. Shimose · Trans. Jpn Inst. Metals · 1965 · 6 · 8310.2320/matertrans1960.6.83 ↗
41. Williams · J. Am. Soc. Naval Engng. · 1956 · 68 · 9310.1111/j.1559-3584.1956.tb03996.x ↗
42. T.F. Degnan, ASM Handbook, vol. 13, Corrosion, American Society For Metals International, Metals Park, OH, 1992, p. 1134
43. A.J. Sedriks, Corrosion of Stainless Steels, second ed., Wiley, New York, 1996, p. 414
44. Brown · Ind. Engng. Chem. · 1947 · 39 · 83910.1021/ie50451a008 ↗
45. Lee · Corrosion · 1991 · 47 · 86810.5006/1.3585199 ↗
46. McNallen · J. Electrochem. Soc. · 1991 · 138 · 369210.1149/1.2085481 ↗
47. McNallen · J. de Phys. IV · 1995 · 3 · 143
48. Haanappel · Corrosion · 1992 · 48 · 81210.5006/1.3315879 ↗
49. C.P. Dillon, Corrosion Resistance of Stainless Steels, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1995, p. 258
50. A.V. Byalobzheskii, Radiation Corrosion, Israel Program for Scientific Translations, 1970
51. Ali · Br. Corros. J. · 1979 · 14 · 14210.1179/bcj.1979.14.3.142 ↗
52. Welding Journal, American Welding Society, Miami, FL. Formerly: American Welding Society Journal
53. Welding International, Welding Institute, Cambridge, UK. Formerly: Welding production
54. K.F. Krysiak, ASM Handbook, vol. 13, Corrosion, American Society For Metals International, Metals Park, OH, 1992, p. 344
55. Pinnow · Welding J. · 1970 · 47 · 954
56. H.D. Solomon, in: C.L. Briant, S.K. Banerji (Eds.), Treatise on Materials Science and Technology, vol. 25, Embrittlement of Engineering Alloys, Academic Press, New York, 1983, p. 52510.1016/B978-0-12-341825-8.50008-8 ↗
57. J.C. Danko, in: R.H. Jones (Ed.), Stress Corrosion Cracking, American Society For Metals International, Materials Park, OH, 1992, p. 345
58. L.L. Shrier, R.A. Jarman, G.T. Burstein, Corrosion, third ed., Butterworth Heinemann, London, 1994, pp. 9–85
59. D.G. Kolman, Corrosion and stress corrosion cracking of prototypic 3013 container TIG welds – test results, Los Alamos National Laboratory Report, LA-UR-99-5521, 1999
60. D.G. Kolman, T.N. Taylor, Y.S. Park, M.A. Stan, D.P. Butt, C.J. Maggiore, J.R. Tesmer, G.J. Havrilla, Oxidation of Metals, submitted for publication
61. D.G. Kolman, unpublished research
62. H.R. Trellue, D.P. Butt, S.F. De Muth, S.L. Eaton, R. Hanrahan, G.J. Havrilla, C. Haertling, C.A. James, D.G. Kolman, R.E. Mason, P. Chodak, A.D. Neuman, Y. Park, C.A. Smith, M. Stan, S.A. Talachy, J. Teague, C.G. Worley, Nuclear fuels technologies fiscal year 1998 research and development summary of test results, Los Alamos National Laboratory Report, LA-UR-98-5355, November 199810.2172/1083168 ↗
63. L.R. Kelman, W.D. Wilkinson, F.L. Yagee, Resistance of materials to attack by liquid metals, Argonne National Laboratory Report, ANL-4417, 195010.2172/4419134 ↗
64. P.R. Luebbers, W.F. Michaud, O.K. Chopra, Compatibility of ITER candidate structural materials with static gallium, Argonne National Laboratory Report, ANL-93/31, December 199310.2172/10148729 ↗
65. Burns · Radiat. Effects · 1976 · 3 · 23310.1080/00337577608240827 ↗
66. Jonah · Radiat. Phys. Chem. · 1980 · 34 · 145
67. J.L. Magee, A. Chatterjee, in: G. Freemen (Ed.), Kinetics of Nonhomogeneous Process, Wiley, New York, 1987, p. 171
68. P.L. Andresen, in: R.H. Jones (Ed.), Stress Corrosion Cracking, American Society For Metals International, Materials Park, OH, 1992, p. 181
69. Marsh · Corros. Sci. · 1986 · 26 · 97110.1016/0010-938X(86)90087-9 ↗
70. Wyllie II · J. Nucl. Mater. · 1996 · 233 · 137210.1016/S0022-3115(96)00198-5 ↗
71. Bellanger · J. Nucl. Mater. · 1994 · 210 · 6310.1016/0022-3115(94)90223-2 ↗
72. R.S. Lillard, D.P. Butt, The corrosion of tungsten in an 800 MeV proton beam at the weapons neutron research facility, Los Alamos National Laboratory Report, LAUR 97-3134, 199710.2172/645571 ↗
73. Lillard · Materials Characterization · 1999 · 43 · 13510.1016/S1044-5803(99)00030-3 ↗
74. Bellanger · Corros. Sci. · 1998 · 40 · 198510.1016/S0010-938X(98)00087-0 ↗
75. Bellanger · J. Nucl. Mater. · 1996 · 240 · 110.1016/S0022-3115(96)00480-1 ↗
76. Lu · Corrosion · 1990 · 46 · 84310.5006/1.3585043 ↗
77. Brown · Corrosion · 1992 · 48 · 97010.5006/1.3315908 ↗
78. Wyllie II · Corrosion · 1998 · 54 · 78110.5006/1.3284799 ↗
79. A.J. Jacobs, R.E. Clausing, M.K. Miller, C. Shepherd, Proc. 4th Int. Conf. Environ. Degrad. Mater. Nucl. Power Syst. – Water Reactors, NACE, 1990, pp. 14–21
80. D.I.R. Norris, C. Baker, J.M. Titchmarsh, Proc. Radiat. Induced Segreg. Stainless Steels, Berkeley Nuclear Labs, 1986, p. 86
81. D.I.R. Norris, C. Baker, J.M. Titchmarsh, Proc. Mater. Nucl. Reactor Core Appl., vol. 1, British Nuclear Engineering Society, 1987, p. 277
82. J.R. Hawthorne, in: C.L. Briant, S.K. Banerji (Eds.), Treatise on Materials Science and Technology, vol. 25, Embrittlement of Engineering Alloys, Academic Press, New York, 1983, p. 46110.1016/B978-0-12-341825-8.50008-8 ↗
83. R.M. Latanison, R.W. Staehle, in: R.W. Staehle, A.J. Forty, D. VanRooyen (Eds.), Proc. Conf. Fundamental Asp. Stress Corros. Cracking, NACE, Houston, TX, 1969, p. 214
84. R.C. Newman, A. Mehta, in: R.P. Gangloff, M.B. Ives (Eds.), Environment-induced Cracking of Metals, NACE, Houston, TX, 1990, p. 489
85. A.J. Sedriks, Corrosion of Stainless Steels, second ed., Wiley, New York, 1996, p. 267
86. A.J. Sedriks, in: R.H. Jones (Ed.), Stress Corrosion Cracking, American Society For Metals International, Materials Park, OH, 1992, p. 91
87. Williams · Corrosion · 1959 · 13 · 539
88. C.M. Shepherd, T.M. Williams, Proc. 4th Int. Conf. Environ. Degrad. Mater. Nucl. Power Syst. – Water Reactors, TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1990, pp. 14–11
89. Proc. Int. Symp. Effects Radiat. Mater., Biannual Symposia, ASTM, Phialdelphia, PA
90. Environ. Degrad. Mater. Nucl. Power Syst. – Water Reactors, Biannual Symposia, TMS, Warrendale, PA
91. Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids, Gordon & Breach, NY. Formerly: Crystal Lattice Defects and Amorphous Materials; Radiation Effects
92. Okamoto · ANS Trans. · 1973 · 16 · 70
93. P.C.S. Wu, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Report, TM-6311, 1978
94. A.J. Jacobs, G.P. Wozadlo, K. Nakata, T. Yoshida, I. Masaoka, in: G. Theus, J.R. Weeks (Eds.), Nucl. Power Third Int. Conf. Environ. Degrad. Mater. Nucl. Power Syst. – Water Reactors, TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1988, p. 67310.2320/jinstmet1952.52.11_1167 ↗
95. Pawel · J. Nucl. Mater. · 1996 · 233 · 20210.1016/S0022-3115(96)00218-8 ↗
96. Elen · J. Nucl. Mater. · 1992 · 191 · 76610.1016/0022-3115(92)90575-6 ↗
97. O'Donnell · Int. J. Pres. Ves. Piping · 1996 · 65 · 20910.1016/0308-0161(94)00132-3 ↗
98. A.J. Jacobs, R.E. Clausing, L. Heatherly, R.M. Kruger, Proc. 14th Int. Symp. Effects Radiat. Mater., ASTM, Philadelphia, PA, 1988
99. P.L. Andresen, F.P. Ford, S.M. Murphy, J.M. Perks, Proc. 14th Int. Conf. Environ. Degrad. Mater Nucl Power Syst – Water Reactors, NACE, Houston, TX, 1989, p. 1
100. Jacobs · J. Mater. Engng. · 1988 · 9 · 34510.1007/BF02834045 ↗