Effects of reducing impurity addition on corrosion and mechanical properties of structural materials in molten LiF-NaF-KF
Source abstract
Abstract
A proposed method for preventing corrosion in molten fluoride salts is adding certain reducing impurities that can control the oxidizing impurities. The effectiveness of many potential reducing impurities in preventing corrosion and their effects on mechanical properties of structural materials have not been studied. This work studies the effectiveness of six different reducing impurities on preventing corrosion of Hastelloy N and SS316H in molten LiF-NaF-KF (FLiNaK) at 700 °C. Our results indicate that addition of reducing metals can be effective in controlling the corrosion of alloys depending on the testing conditions but may affect the mechanical behavior of SS316H.
Source: expertdata · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies · Molten salt chemistry and electrochemical processes · Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (49)
Show source-provided references
1. Corrosion issues in molten salt reactor (MSR) systems
2. Redox potential control in molten salt systems for corrosion mitigation10.1016/j.corsci.2018.08.035 ↗
3. Manohar S. Sohal, Matthias A. Ebner, Piyush Sabharwall, Phil Sharpe, Engineering Database of Liquid Salt Thermophysical and Thermochemical Properties, 2010. https://doi.org/10.2172/980801.10.2172/980801 ↗
4. Effect of oxide impurities on the corrosion behavior of structural materials in molten LiF-NaF-KF10.1016/j.corsci.2022.110473 ↗
5. Effect of metal fluorides on the corrosion of structural materials in molten LiF-NaF-KF10.1016/j.corsci.2023.110977 ↗
6. Carburization effects on the corrosion of Cr, Fe, Ni, W, and Mo in fluoride-salt cooled high temperature reactor (FHR) coolant10.1016/j.anucene.2018.05.013 ↗
7. Redox condition in molten fluoride salts Definition and control10.1016/S0022-3115(01)00742-5 ↗
8. Effect of Li metal addition on corrosion control of Hastelloy N and stainless steel 316H in molten LiF-NaF-KF10.1016/j.jnucmat.2021.153098 ↗
9. Viability of Cathodic Protection for Preventing Corrosion of SS316H in Molten LiF-NaF-KF10.5006/4265 ↗
10. C. Forsberg, L. Hu, P. Peterson, K. Sridharan, Fluoride-Salt-Cooled High-Temperature Reactor (FHR) for Power and Process Heat, 2015. https://doi.org/10.2172/1183687.10.2172/1183687 ↗
11. Effect of excess Mg to control corrosion in molten MgCl2 and KCl eutectic salt mixture10.1016/j.corsci.2021.109914 ↗
12. Interaction of beryllium with 316H stainless steel in molten Li2BeF4 (FLiBe)10.1016/j.jnucmat.2022.153698 ↗
13. 2016
14. High-Temperature Corrosion Behavior of Superalloys in Molten Salts – A Review10.1080/10408436.2016.1243090 ↗
15. Corrosion in the molten fluoride and chloride salts and materials development for nuclear applications10.1016/j.pmatsci.2018.05.003 ↗
16. Molten chloride salts for next generation concentrated solar power plants: Mitigation strategies against corrosion of structural materials10.1016/j.solmat.2018.12.020 ↗
17. The Cr-Li (Chromium-Lithium) system10.1007/BF02872966 ↗
18. B. Predel (1997) O. Madelung (ed.) SpringerMaterials Li-Ni (Lithium-Nickel) Landolt-Börnstein - Group IV Physical Chemistry 5H (Li-Mg–Nd-Zr) 〈https://materials.springer.com/lb/docs/sm_lbs_978–3-540–68538-8_1911〉 (Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg © 1997).
19. B. Predel (1995) O. Madelung (ed.) SpringerMaterials Fe-Li (Iron-Lithium) Landolt-Börnstein - Group IV Physical Chemistry 5E (Dy-Er – Fr-Mo) https://materials.springer.com/lb/docs/sm_lbs_978–3-540–48786-9_1312 10.1007/10474837_1312 (Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg © 1995).
20. A short review of failure mechanisms of lithium metal and lithiated graphite anodes in liquid electrolyte solutions10.1016/S0167-2738(02)00080-2 ↗
21. Sankar · 2023
22. The Fe-K (Iron-Potassium) System10.1007/BF02663673 ↗
23. The Cr-K (Chromium-Potassium) system
24. B. Predel (1997) O. Madelung (ed.) SpringerMaterials K-Ni (Potassium-Nickel) Landolt-Bornstein - Group IV Physical Chemistry 5G (Hg-Ho – La-Zr) 〈https://materials.springer.com/lb/docs/sm_lbs_978–3-540–44940-9_1834〉 (Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg © 1997).
25. B. Predel (1997) O. Madelung (ed.) SpringerMaterials K-Mo (Potassium-Molybdenum) Landolt-Bornstein - Group IV Physical Chemistry 5G (Hg-Ho – La-Zr) 〈https://materials.springer.com/lb/docs/sm_lbs_978–3-540–44940-9_1830〉 (Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg © 1997).
26. J.H. Shaffer, Preparation and handling of salt mixtures for the molten salt reactor experiment., 1971. https://doi.org/10.2172/4074869.10.2172/4074869 ↗
27. Zirconium effect on the corrosion behavior of 316L stainless steel alloy and hastelloy-n superalloy in molten fluoride salt10.13182/NT12-125 ↗
28. Tensile Behavior of Incoloy-800HT Exposed to High-Temperature Molten FLiNaK Salt and Thermal Aging10.1007/s11665-021-05978-9 ↗
29. Stress-assisted corrosion behaviour of Hastelloy N in FLiNaK molten salt environment10.1038/s41529-022-00300-x ↗
30. G.A. Young, A. Brittan, K. Chan, A. Demma, P. Schulze, C. Stitt, S. Tsotsos, A. Kruizenga, M.J. Hackett, Assessment and Qualification of Austenitic Stainless Steel for Use in Molten Salts, Oral Presentation at TMS Conference 2021.
31. K.L. Hanson, Understanding degradation mechanisms of metallic alloys in high-temperature molten salt environments, georgia Institute of Technology, 2021 Ph.D. Thesis.
32. Effect of O2- additive on the corrosion behavior of Hastelloy N alloy in molten FLiNaK10.1016/j.corsci.2023.111001 ↗
33. K.M. Sankar, P.M. Singh, Effects of Impurities and Additives on Behavior of Nuclear Grade Graphite in Molten LiF-NaF-KF, Nuclear Technology, Under Review.
34. Total Slow Neutron Cross Section Measurements of Titanium, Zirconium, and Hafnium10.13182/NSE61-A26007 ↗
35. NIST Center for Neutron Research, Neutron scattering lengths and cross sections. 〈https://www.ncnr.nist.gov/resources/n-lengths/〉, (accessed on 28th March 2023).
36. Evaluation of vapor‐pressure data for mercury, lithium, sodium, and potassium10.1063/1.1733889 ↗
37. Fundamental study on the vaporization of cesium and iodine dissolved in LiF-NaF-KF molten salt10.1016/j.jnucmat.2019.05.014 ↗
38. K.J. Chan, Carbon effects on corrosion in molten fluoride salt, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2020 Ph.D. Thesis.
39. Corrosion behaviour of 316H stainless steel in molten FLiNaK eutectic salt containing graphite particles10.1016/j.corsci.2019.108174 ↗
40. Accelerated corrosion testing in molten fluoride salts: Effect of additives and the crucible material10.1016/j.corsci.2021.110011 ↗
41. N. Gallego, C. Contescu, J. Keiser, Progress Report on Graphite-Salt Intrusion Studies, 2020. https://doi.org/10.2172/1651304.10.2172/1651304 ↗
42. Physical properties of a rapidly quenched Al-Fe alloys10.1088/0305-4608/18/7/004 ↗
43. The constitution diagram of the molybdenum-hafnium binary system10.1016/0022-5088(61)90018-2 ↗
44. E. Rudy, Ternary phase equilibria in transition metal-boron-carbon-silicon systems: part V. compendium of phase diagram data, AFML-TR-65–2, 1969.
45. The Zr-Ni-Cr System at 1000 °C in the ZrCr2-ZrNi-Ni-Cr Region10.1007/BF02646716 ↗
46. The effect of lithium on the mechanical characteristics of austenitic stainless steels10.1007/BF00730339 ↗
47. H.U. Borgstedt, M. Grundmann, The fracture of austenitic and martensitic steel in liquid lithium, (n.d.).
48. Liquid metal embrittlement of an austenitic stainless steel in liquid sodium10.1016/j.corsci.2014.02.031 ↗
49. Micromechanics of dislocation channeling in intergranular stress corrosion crack nucleation10.1016/j.cossms.2012.03.003 ↗