Electrochemical short crack effect in environmentally assisted cracking of a steam turbine blade steel
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract Measurement has been made of the corrosion fatigue short crack growth rate in a 12Cr steam turbine blade steel subjected to low frequency trapezoidal loading in aerated and deaerated 300 ppb 1 Cl− and 300 ppb SO 4 2 - , simulating early condensate chemistry. No difference in growth rate compared to that for long cracks was observed in deaerated solution but significantly enhanced growth rate was obtained in aerated solution for a short crack of length less than 250 μm. Complementary stress corrosion cracking tests were conducted but to ensure crack development at modest applied stresses the environment adopted was aerated 35 ppm Cl−, representing a severe system upset. In this case, the growth rate of the short crack was up to 20 times higher than that for a long crack (>6 mm), even though the crack length had reached 1.6 mm. An explanation for both sets of data based on the difference in potential drop between a short and long crack is expounded.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Fatigue and fracture mechanics · High Temperature Alloys and Creep · Hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion behaviors in metals
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (33)
Show source-provided references
1. ISO 7539–6 (latest revision), “Corrosion of metal and alloys – Stress corrosion testing – Part 6: preparation and use of pre-cracked specimens for tests under constant load or constant displacement”, International Standards Organisation, Geneva.
2. ISO 11782–2 (latest revision), Corrosion of Metal and Alloys – Corrosion Fatigue Testing, Part 2: Crack Propagation Testing Using Precracked Specimens, International Standards Organisation, Geneva.
3. 1986
4. Ravichandran · 1999
5. Gangloff · Res. Mech. Let. · 1981 · 1 · 299
6. Tanaka · Eng. Fract. Mech. · 1985 · 21 · 29310.1016/0013-7944(85)90018-9 ↗
7. Collected papers of JSME
8. Small crack-environment interactions: the hydrogen embrittlement perspective
9. The role of stress-assisted localised corrosion in the development of short fatigue cracks
10. M. Nakajima, K. Tokaji, T. Shimizu and M. Akita, “Corrosion fatigue crack initiation and early growth behaviour in a ferritic stainless steel” in: K. Ravi-Chandar, B.L. Karihaloo, T. Kishi, R.O. Ritchie, A.K. Yokobori Jr., T. Yokobori (Eds.), Proceedings of ICF10, Advances in Fracture Research, Honolulu, 2001, Elsevier Science, Pergamon Press, 2001, Paper no. ICF100611OR.
11. Berechid, D. Larouche, J. P. Bailon and J.I. Dickson, “Corrosion-Fatigue Propagation of Short Cracks in a Structural Steel Tested in Synthetic Seawater” in Proceedings of Fatigue ’99, Beijing 1999, Vol 4, eds. X-R. Wu and Z-G. Wang, EMAS, 1999, pp 2261–2266.
12. Wan · Metall. Trans. A · 2000 · 31A · 102510.1007/s11661-000-1020-3 ↗
13. Piascik · Fatigue Fract. Engng. Mater. Struct. · 1994 · 17 · 124710.1111/j.1460-2695.1994.tb00213.x ↗
14. Corrosion fatigue crack initiation and crack growth behaviour of austenitic stainless steel under light water reactor conditions10.1016/j.corsci.2011.10.005 ↗
15. P. L. Andresen, I. P. Vasatis & F. P. Ford, “Behavior of Short Cracks in Stainless Steel at 288C”, Paper no. 495, Corrosion/90, (Houston, Texas: NACE, 1990).10.5006/C1990-90495 ↗
16. Jones · Mater. Sci. Eng. · 1994 · A176 · 21110.1016/0921-5093(94)90977-6 ↗
17. Turnbull · Corros. Sci. · 2011 · 53 · 339810.1016/j.corsci.2011.06.020 ↗
18. A. Turnbull and S. Zhou, Short crack growth in a steam turbine steel Corrosion’12, NACE Int., Houston, Tx., to be published.
19. A. Atrens, H. Meyer, K. Schneider, Steam Turbine Blades, in: M. O. Speidel, A. Atrens (Eds.), Corrosion in Power Generation Equipment, Baden, Switzerland, 1983 Publ.: Plenum Press, New York, 1984, pp. 299–330.
20. M. Speidel and R. Magdowski, “Stress corrosion cracking of steam turbine steels – An overview”, in: Proceedings of 2nd Int. Symp. on Environmental Effects on Degradation in Nuclear Power Plants, Monterey, 1985, pp. 267–275.
21. Stress corrosion cracking and corrosion fatigue of steam-turbine rotor and blade materials
22. F. F. Lyle Jr., ‘Stress corrosion cracking in low-pressure steam turbines – an overview’, Corrosion/94, Paper no. 219 (Houston, Texas: NACE 1994).10.5006/C1994-94219 ↗
23. Turnbull · Corrosion · 2008 · 64 · 42010.5006/1.3278482 ↗
24. Turnbull · Corros. Sci. · 2010 · 52 · 293610.1016/j.corsci.2010.05.005 ↗
25. Turnbull · Corros. Sci. · 2011 · 53 · 50310.1016/j.corsci.2010.10.001 ↗
26. Knott · 1976
27. Zhou · Corrosion · 2006 · 62 · 50810.5006/1.3279909 ↗
28. Turnbull · Corros. Sci. · 2004 · 46 · 19310.1016/S0010-938X(03)00118-5 ↗
29. Macdonald · Corros. Sci. · 1991 · 32 · 5110.1016/0010-938X(91)90063-U ↗
30. Turnbull · Corros. Sci. · 1997 · 39 · 78910.1016/S0010-938X(97)89342-0 ↗
31. Turnbull · Corros. Sci. · 1983 · 23 · 83310.1016/0010-938X(83)90014-8 ↗
32. M. Saenz de Santa Maria and A. Turnbull, Corros. Sci., 29 (1989) 69–88.10.1016/0010-938X(89)90081-4 ↗
33. M.J. Olszta, L.E. Thomas, K. Asano, S. Ooki and S.M. Bruemmer, Crack Initiation Precursors Originating From Surface Grinding”, in: Proceedings of the 14th Int. Conf. on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems, Virginia Beach (2009) 549–561.