Corrosion of austenitic stainless steel at 90 °C under highly saline and anoxic conditions: A microspectroscopic study
Source abstract
Abstract
The stainless steel AISI 309 S used for containers for vitrified high-level radioactive waste was exposed to 90 °C under highly saline and anoxic conditions for different exposure times up to 294 days. The surface damage was limited and no pitting could be detected. The corrosion layer is made of an inner-layer mostly of chromium (hydr)oxides and an outer-layer made of Fe- and Ni-based spinel compounds with admixed nickel (hydr)oxides. Minor contributions of magnetite and layered double hydroxide could be identified. Dissolved amounts of metal ions were very low, the pH increased only slightly and the redox potential decrease was limited.
Source: expertdata · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion behaviors in metals · Corrosion Behavior and Inhibition · Nuclear Materials and Properties
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (68)
Show source-provided references
1. Corrosion issues in nuclear industry today10.1016/S1369-7021(08)70205-0 ↗
2. Corrosion issues in nuclear waste disposal10.1016/j.jnucmat.2008.06.023 ↗
3. Endlagerkommission, Abschlussbericht der Kommission Lagerung hoch radioaktiver Abfallstoffe, K-Drs. 268, in, Berlin, Germany, 2016, pp. 1–681.
4. W. Brewitz, Zusammenfassender Zwischenbericht, GSF T 114, in, 1980.
5. NWMO, Postclosure Safety Assessment of a Used Fuel Repository in Sedimentary Rock, Report NWMO-TR-2018–08, in, NWMO, Toronto, Canada, 2018, pp. 1–704.
6. 1 - Introduction to austenitic stainless steels
7. Overview of European concepts for high-level waste and spent fuel disposal with special reference waste container corrosion10.1016/j.jnucmat.2008.06.001 ↗
8. NAGRA, Project Opalinus Clay, Safety Report, Demonstration of disposal feasibility for spent fuel, vitrified high-level waste and long-lived intermediate-level waste (Entsorgungsnachweis), NTB 02–05, in, NAGRA, Wettingen, Switzerland, 2002, pp. 1–472.
9. E. McCafferty, Introduction to corrosion science, Springer, ISBN 978-1-4419-0454-6, 2010.
10. 3 - Pitting corrosion of austenitic stainless steels and their weldments
11. Container materials for the storage and disposal of nuclear waste10.5006/0894 ↗
12. A robust model for pore-water chemistry of clayrock10.1016/j.gca.2009.07.021 ↗
13. Pearson, F.J., D. Arcos, A. Bath, J.-Y. Boisson, A.M. Fernández, H.-E. Gäbler, E.C. Gaucher, A. Gautschi, L. Griffault, P. Hernán, H.N. Waber, Mont Terri Project – Geochemistry of Water in the Opalinus Clay Formation at the Mont Terri Rock Laboratory, in: F. Federal Office for Water and Geology (Ed.) Reports of the FOWG, Geology Series No. 5, Bern-Ittigen, 2003, pp. 1–321.
14. Nature of the near-field environment in a deep geological repository and the implications for the corrosion behaviour of the container
15. Kienzler · 2001 · 1
16. Solubility of Nd3+ and UO22+ in WIPP brine as oxidation-state invariant analogs for plutonium10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.01.128 ↗
17. Plutonium oxidation states in the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant repository10.1016/j.apgeochem.2020.104561 ↗
18. SKB, Long-term safety for the final repository for spent nuclear fuel at Forsmark. Main report of the SR-Site project. Volume I., in, Svensk Kärnbränslehantering AB, Stockholm, 2015, pp. 276.
19. P. Oy, Safety Case for the Disposal of Spent Nuclear Fuel at Olkiluoto − Complementary Considerations 2012, in, Posiva Oy, Eurajoki,Finland, 2012, pp. 262.
20. Environmental factors affecting the critical potential for pitting in 18–8 stainless steel10.1149/1.2423801 ↗
21. State-of-the-art document on the COrrosion BEhaviour of COntainer
22. J.H. Johnson, M. Niemeyer, G. Klubertanz, P. Siegel, P. Gribi, Calculations of the Temperature Evolution of a Repository for Spent Fuel, Vitrified High-Level Waste and Intermediate Level Waste in Opalinus Clay, NTB 01–04, in, NAGRA, Wettingen, Switzerland, 2002, pp. 1–80.
23. The anaerobic corrosion of candidate disposal canister materials in compacted bentonite exposed to natural granitic porewater containing native microbial populations10.1002/maco.202011798 ↗
24. The anaerobic corrosion of carbon steel in compacted bentonite exposed to natural Opalinus Clay porewater containing native microbial populations10.1080/1478422X.2017.1315233 ↗
25. Microstructural characterization of carbon steel corrosion in clay borehole water under anoxic and transient acidic conditions10.1016/j.corsci.2016.03.022 ↗
26. Corrosion at the carbon steel-clay borehole water and gas interfaces at 85 degrees C under anoxic and transient acidic conditions10.1016/j.corsci.2016.04.039 ↗
27. Smailos · 1995 · 1
28. First corrosion stages in Tournemire claystone/steel interaction: In situ experiment and modelling approach10.1016/j.clay.2013.06.016 ↗
29. Mineralogical reactions in the Tournemire argillite after in-situ interaction with steels10.1016/j.clay.2008.08.007 ↗
30. Long-term corrosion behaviour of carbon steel and stainless steel in Opalinus clay: influence of stepwise temperature increase10.1080/1478422X.2019.1621456 ↗
31. Solid-liquid equilibria of Mg(OH)2(cr) and Mg2(OH)3Cl·4H2O(cr) in the system Mg-Na-H-OH-O-Cl-H2O at 25°C10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00165-0 ↗
32. D.L. Parkhurst, C.A.J. Appelo, User's guide to PHREEQC (Version 2): A computer program for speciation, batch-reaction, one-dimensional transport, and inverse geochemical calculations, in: Water-Resources Investigations Report, 1999.
33. Thermodynamic data selection applied to radionuclides and chemotoxic elements: An overview of the ThermoChimie-TDB10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.12.017 ↗
34. The specific interaction theory in evaluating ionic equilibria
35. JPCALC, A software package for calculating liquid-junction potential corrections in patch-clamp, intracellular, epithelial and bilayer measurements and for correcting junction potential measurements10.1016/0165-0270(94)90031-0 ↗
36. XPS: Binding energy calibration of electron spectrometers 5 - Re-evaluation of the reference energies10.1002/(SICI)1096-9918(199808)26:9<642::AID-SIA408>3.0.CO;2-3 ↗
37. NIST, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Database, Version 4.1, in, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, 2012, pp. 〈https://srdata.nist.gov/xps/〉.
38. Combination of X-ray synchrotron radiation techniques to gather information for clinicians10.1016/j.crci.2015.03.012 ↗
39. A multiplatform code for the analysis of energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectra10.1016/j.sab.2006.12.002 ↗
40. Real-time control of the beam attenuation with XPAD hybrid pixel detector10.1088/1748-0221/11/12/P12018 ↗
41. ATHENA, ARTEMIS, HEPHAESTUS: data analysis for X-ray absorption spectroscopy using IFEFFIT10.1107/S0909049505012719 ↗
42. The INE-Beamline for actinide science at ANKA10.1063/1.3700813 ↗
43. Lide · 2004
44. J. Chivot, Thermodynamique des produits de corrosion. Fonctions thermodynamiques, diagrammes de solubilité, diagrammes E-pH des systèmes Fe-H2O, Fe-CO2-H2O, Fe-S-H2O, Cr-H2O et Ni-H2O en fonction de la température., ANDRA, Châtenay-Malabry, France, 2004.
45. Influence of strain rate and state-of-stress on the formation of ferrite in stainless steel type AISI 304 during hot working10.1016/0167-577X(95)00215-4 ↗
46. Studying the onset of galvanic steel corrosion in situ using thin films: film preparation, characterization and application to pitting10.1088/1361-648X/abd523 ↗
47. Resolving surface chemical states in XPS analysis of first row transition metals, oxides and hydroxides: Cr, Mn, Fe, Co and Ni10.1016/j.apsusc.2010.10.051 ↗
48. Solubility and phase behavior of Cr(III) oxides in alkaline media at elevated temperatures10.1023/A:1022688528380 ↗
49. Investigation of the corrosion behavior of 304L and 316L stainless steels at high-temperature borated and lithiated water10.1080/00223131.2015.1125311 ↗
50. Effect of dissolved oxygen on electrochemical corrosion behavior of 2205 duplex stainless steel in hot concentrated seawater10.1016/j.jmst.2020.06.030 ↗
51. Über Eisen(II)-hydroxyd und ein ferromagnetisches Eisen(III)-hydroxyd10.1002/zaac.19332120105 ↗
52. Metal corrosion and argillite transformation at the water-saturated, high-temperature iron-clay interface: A microscopic-scale study10.1016/j.apgeochem.2008.05.019 ↗
53. Corrosion modelling of iron based alloy in nuclear waste repository10.1016/j.electacta.2010.02.087 ↗
54. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy study of passive films formed on (100) Fe-18Cr-13Ni single-crystal surfaces10.1149/1.1838366 ↗
55. The mechanism of oxide film formation on austenitic stainless steels in high temperature water10.1016/S0010-938X(97)00140-6 ↗
56. C. Sisk-Scott, C. Marrs, Graphite Steel and Chromium-Nickel Steel Corrosion: Solution Flow-Through Corrosion Experiments. Report SAND2019–13627R, Sandia National Laboratories, Carlsbad, New Mexico, USA, 2019.10.2172/1573937 ↗
57. Optical measurement of uniform and localized corrosion of C1018, SS 410, and Inconel 825 alloys using white light interferometry10.1016/j.corsci.2014.06.046 ↗
58. Pourbaix diagrams for the ternary system of iron-chromium-nickel10.5006/1.3283945 ↗
59. Buried iron archaeological artefacts: Corrosion mechanisms related to the presence of Cl-containing phases10.1016/j.corsci.2006.11.009 ↗
60. Mechanisms of long-term anaerobic corrosion of iron archaeological artefacts in seawater10.1016/j.corsci.2009.08.022 ↗
61. Revised effective ionic radii and systematic studies of interatomic distances in halides and chalcogenides10.1107/S0567739476001551 ↗
62. Modelling iron-clay interactions in deep geological disposal conditions10.1016/j.pce.2006.04.014 ↗
63. Reactive transport modelling of the long-term interaction between carbon steel and MX-80 bentonite at 25 degrees C10.3390/min11111272 ↗
64. Reactive transport modelling of the long-term interactions of corrosion products and compacted bentonite in a HLW repository in granite: Uncertainties and relevance for performance assessment10.1016/j.apgeochem.2016.02.001 ↗
65. V. Monastra, D.E. Grandstaff, Kinetics of MgO dissolution and buffering of fluids in the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) repository, in: Materials Research Society Symposium - Proceedings, 1999, pp. 625–632.10.1557/PROC-556-625 ↗
66. Thermodynamic and fully-coupled reactive transport models of a steel-bentonite interface10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.05.005 ↗
67. Gamsjäger · 2005
68. R.J. Lemire, U. Berner, C. Musikas, D.A. Palmer, P. Taylor, O. Tochiyama, Chemical thermodynamics of iron - Part 1, OECD Nuclear Energy Agency Data Bank ed., Issy-les-Moulineaux, France, 2013.