Interaction of moiré-induced quantum Hall channels in a locally gated graphene junction

Abstract Manipulating electron quantum 1D channels is an important element in the field of quantum information due to their ballistic and phase coherence properties. In GaAs and graphene based two dimensional gas systems, these edge channels have been investigated with both integer and fractional quantum Hall (QH) effects, contributing to the realization of electron interferometer and anyon braiding. Often, at the p–n junction in the QH regime, the presence of a depletion region due to a band gap or the formation of gaps between the zeroth Landau levels (zLLs) suppresses interaction between the co-propagating edge channels of opposing doping regimes and helps to preserve the phase coherence of the channels. Here, we observe a new type of p–n junction in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) aligned graphene that lacks both the zLL and band gap. In this system, a van Hove singularity (vHS) emerges at the p–n junctions under magnetic fields of several Tesla, owing to the doping inversion near the secondary Dirac point. By fabricating devices with independently tunable global bottom and local top gates, we enable the study of interactions between p-type and n-type QH edge channels through magnetic breakdown associated with the vHS. These findings provide valuable insights into the interactions of superlattice-induced QH edge channels in hBN-aligned graphene.