Reprocessable humins thermosets and composites
Source abstract
Abstract
Reduction of polymeric waste together with industrial by-products valorization are the main objectives of competitive researches. In this perspective, this work reports the preparation of sustainable thermoset resins and composites having reprocessing ability. Reprocessable humins-based thermoset resins were synthesized for the first time. The chicken feathers and vegetal non-woven fibers were combined with these resins as sustainable reinforcement. The obtained composites show an increase of Tg region compared with the neat matrices and Shore hardness values (74–85 SD) comparable with those of commercial materials such as epoxy/glass fibers or epoxy/carbon fibers composites. The prepared resins and composites proved their capacity to be mechanically recycled. The influence of the recycling on the thermomechanical properties of the humins based resins and composites were analysed by DSC, TGA, DMA and SEM. The results proven that both resins and composites are capable of being mechanically recycled and their properties maintained.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites · Polymer composites and self-healing · biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (40)
Show source-provided references
1. Production, use, and fate of all plastics ever made10.1126/sciadv.1700782 ↗
2. Ritchie · 2018
3. Alternative monomers based on lignocellulose and their use for polymer production10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00354 ↗
4. Van Zandvoort · 2015
5. Humin based by-products from bioprocessing as potential carbonaceous source for synthesis gas production10.1039/C4GC01324G ↗
6. Quantification and classification of carbonyls in industrial humins and lignins by 19F NMR10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b02292 ↗
7. Mija · 2017
8. Auto-crosslinked rigid foams derived from biorefinery byproducts10.1002/cssc.201800778 ↗
9. Mija · 2018
10. Valorization of biorefinery side-stream products: combination of humins with polyfurfuryl alcohol for composite elaboration10.1021/sc5003769 ↗
11. From biorefinery by-produsct to bioresins. Thermosets based on humins and epoxidized linseed oil10.35812/CelluloseChemTechnol.2019.53.94 ↗
12. Cross-linked polyfuran networks with elastomeric behaviour based on humins biorefinery by-products10.1039/C9GC01813A ↗
13. Sustainable thermosets obtained by copolymerization of humins with triglycidyl ether of phloroglucinol
14. All “green” composites comprising flax fibres and humins' resins10.1016/j.compscitech.2018.12.008 ↗
15. Wallenberger · 2004
16. Rigidity analysis of polypropylene/vegetal fibre composites after recycling10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2008.12.010 ↗
17. The effect of reprocessing on the mechanical properties of polypropylene reinforced with wood pulp, flax or glass fibre10.1016/j.compositesa.2014.03.010 ↗
18. Hybrid composites manufactured by resin infusion with a fully recyclable bioepoxy resin10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.08.015 ↗
19. Dynamical–mechanical and thermal analysis of polymeric composites reinforced with keratin biofibers from chicken feathers10.1016/j.compositesb.2006.06.013 ↗
20. Keratin associations with synthetic, biosynthetic and natural polymers: an extensive review10.3390/polym12010032 ↗
21. Flexible biocomposites with enhanced interfacial compatibility based on keratin fibers and sulfur-containing poly(urea-urethane)s10.3390/polym10101056 ↗
22. Fully biodegradable biocomposites with high chicken feather content10.3390/polym9110593 ↗
23. Pyrolyzed chicken feather fibers for biobased composite reinforcement10.1002/app.38163 ↗
24. Biorefinery byproducts and epoxy biorenewable monomers: a structural elucidation of humins and triglycidyl ether of phloroglucinol cross-linking10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01248 ↗
25. Synthesis of resins using epoxies and humins as building blocks: a mechanistic study based on in-situ FT-IR and NMR spectroscopies10.3390/molecules24224110 ↗
26. Chicken feather-containing composite non-wovens with barrier properties
27. Kinetics, thermodynamics and mechanism of reactions of epoxy oligomers with amines
28. Acceleration mechanisms in curing reactions involving model systems10.1002/masy.19870070114 ↗
29. Thermal and fire behavior of natural fibers/PBS biocomposites10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2012.10.026 ↗
30. Thermal properties and fire resistance of jute-reinforced composites10.1163/092764410X513512 ↗
31. Thermal and flammability characteristics of blended jatropha bio-epoxy as matrix in carbon fiber–reinforced polymer10.3390/jcs3010006 ↗
32. Multi-functionalization of gallic acid. Synthesis of a novel bio-based epoxy resin10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2012.11.025 ↗
33. Functionalized green tea tannins as phenolic prepolymers for bio-based epoxy resins10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.12.045 ↗
34. Study on the mechanical properties and thermal properties of jute and banana fiber reinforced epoxy hybrid composites10.1016/j.compositesb.2013.02.033 ↗
35. Multi-scale study of the adhesion between flax fibers and biobased thermoset matrices10.1016/j.matdes.2014.04.087 ↗
36. Sustainable alternative composites using waste vegetable oil based resins10.1007/s10924-019-01534-8 ↗
37. Mohanty · 2005
38. Sliding wear, viscoelasticity, and brittleness of polymers10.1557/jmr.2006.0300 ↗
39. The concept of materials brittleness and its applications10.1007/s00289-011-0573-1 ↗
40. Thermally self-healing polymeric materials: the next step to recycling thermoset polymers?10.1021/ma8027672 ↗