Interlocking thin-ply reinforcement concept for improved fracture toughness and damage tolerance
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract An original concept for improving the delamination resistance and damage tolerance of a composite laminate is proposed. The concept is to insert interlocked thin-ply reinforcement units between the laminae. Each reinforcement unit consists of two thin-ply layers with tabs cut into one layer, and slits cut into the other layer. The slits, and the long axis of the tabs, are parallel to the fibre direction in their respective layers. The two thin-ply layers are placed together, and the tabs are inserted through the slits, creating an interlocked reinforcement unit. The effect of the reinforcement units was quantified via mode I (DCB) and mode II (4ENF) fracture toughness tests, as well as compression after impact tests. Mode I propagation fracture toughness was increased by 77.6%, while mode II fracture toughness was not affected. In the compression after impact tests, an 11.4% reduction in delamination area was achieved but this only resulted in a 5.1% increase in CAI strength.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Mechanical Behavior of Composites · Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation · Structural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (82)
Show source-provided references
1. Abrate · 199810.1017/CBO9780511574504 ↗
2. Observations of damage development from compression-after-impact experiments using ex situ micro-focus computed tomography10.1016/j.compscitech.2014.04.008 ↗
3. The Influence of G I and G II on the compression after impact strength of carbon fiber/epoxy laminates10.1177/0021998317719567 ↗
4. The role of impact damage in post-impact compression testing10.1016/0010-4361(90)90423-T ↗
5. Failure mechanisms on composite specimens subjected to compression after impact10.1016/S0263-8223(98)00081-6 ↗
6. Effect of resin and fibre properties on impact and compression after impact performance of CFRP10.1016/S1359-835X(01)00141-5 ↗
7. A model for the reduction in compression strength of continuous fibre composites after impact damage10.1016/0010-4361(93)90043-8 ↗
8. Failure mechanisms and damage evolution of laminated composites under compression after impact (CAI): experimental and numerical study10.1016/j.compositesa.2017.10.026 ↗
9. Damage tolerance of a stitched carbon/epoxy laminate10.1016/S1359-835X(97)00063-8 ↗
10. Compression-after-impact (CAI) performance of epoxycarbon fibre-reinforced nanocomposites using nanosilica and rubber particle enhancement
11. Study on T700/cyanate/PS/epoxy composites with ex-situ toughening technique10.1007/s11595-014-0978-4 ↗
12. CAI strength of CFRP laminates toughened with multi-walled carbon nanofiber
13. Enhancement of mechanical performance of epoxy/carbon fiber laminate composites using single-walled carbon nanotubes10.1016/j.compscitech.2011.06.015 ↗
14. Impact and after-impact properties of carbon fibre reinforced composites enhanced with multi-wall carbon nanotubes10.1016/j.compscitech.2009.11.023 ↗
15. Impact damage resistance of CFRP with nanoclay-filled epoxy matrix10.1016/j.compscitech.2009.04.016 ↗
16. Mechanical properties of carbon fiber/fullerene-dispersed epoxy composites10.1016/j.compscitech.2009.05.003 ↗
17. Mechanical properties of CFRP laminates manufactured from unidirectional prepregs using CSCNT-dispersed epoxy10.1016/j.compositesa.2007.07.002 ↗
18. Some aspects of interlaminar toughening: reactively terminated thermoplastic particles in thermoset composites10.1016/0032-3861(93)90347-D ↗
19. Inclusion of a thermoplastic phase to improve impact and post-impact performances of carbon fibre reinforced thermosetting composites - a review10.1016/j.matdes.2015.07.001 ↗
20. Interlaminar toughening of woven fabric carbon/epoxy composite laminates using hybrid aramid/phenoxy interleaves10.1016/j.compositesa.2017.06.001 ↗
21. Impact resistance and tolerance of interleaved tape laminates10.1016/S0263-8223(00)00049-0 ↗
22. Improving compression-after-impact performance of carbon–fiber composites by CNTs/thermoplastic hybrid film interlayer10.1016/j.compscitech.2014.01.023 ↗
23. Towards aerospace grade thin-ply composites: effect of ply thickness, fibre, matrix and interlayer toughening on strength and damage tolerance10.1016/j.compscitech.2018.08.037 ↗
24. Using thin-plies to improve the damage resistance and tolerance of aeronautical CFRP composites10.1016/j.compositesa.2016.03.027 ↗
25. Nanofiber interleaving veils for improving the performance of composite laminates10.1016/j.repl.2017.03.006 ↗
26. Investigations on damage resistance of carbon fiber composite panels toughened using veils10.1016/j.cja.2013.05.006 ↗
27. Toughening of thermosetting composites with thermoplastic fibres10.1016/j.msea.2005.08.028 ↗
28. Assessment of impact damage resistance and tolerance of polymer nanofiber interleaved composite laminates
29. Mechanical properties of woven laminates and felt composites using carbon fibers. Part 2: interlaminar properties10.1016/j.compscitech.2004.03.013 ↗
30. Impact damage characterisation of carbon fibre/epoxy composites with multi-layer reinforcement
31. Translaminar reinforced composites : a review10.1520/CTR10607J ↗
32. The combined effect of glass buffer strips and stitching on the damage tolerance of composites
33. Mechanical response of composite materials with through-the-thickness reinforcement
34. Effect of stitching on impact and interlaminar properties of graphite/epoxy laminates10.1177/089270579701000302 ↗
35. Impact testing of textile composite materials
36. Effect of process parameters on damage tolerance of carbon epoxy laminate preformed using one-sided stitching
37. Structurally stitched NCF CFRP laminates. Part 1: experimental characterization of in-plane and out-of-plane properties10.1016/j.compscitech.2010.11.012 ↗
38. Ex-situ concept for toughening the RTMable BMI matrix composites. II. Improving the compression after impact10.1002/app.27864 ↗
39. Modelling of delamination growth in composite laminates by the virtual internal bond method10.1016/j.compositesa.2007.11.012 ↗
40. Advanced TTT composite materials for aeronautical purposes: compression after impact (CAI) behaviour10.1016/j.compositesb.2006.03.014 ↗
41. Impact properties of laminated composites with stitching fibers10.1016/j.compstruct.2006.06.004 ↗
42. Damage to thickness-reinforced C/C laminates by low-energy impact10.1016/j.carbon.2004.07.007 ↗
43. Processing and characterization of needled carbon composites
44. Mechanical and impact properties of needle punched nonwoven composites10.1177/002199830003401001 ↗
45. Low-Velocity impact damage and delamination crack arrestment with translaminar reinforcements
46. Impact and post-impact properties of cfrp laminates reinforced with rectangular Z-pins10.1016/j.compscitech.2013.08.018 ↗
47. Z-direction pinning of composite laminates for increased survivability
48. Analysis of the impact and compression after impact behavior of tufted laminated composites10.1016/j.compstruct.2017.09.096 ↗
49. Mechanical properties and damage tolerance of multiaxial warp-knit composites10.1016/0266-3538(95)00107-7 ↗
50. Comparison of Compression-After-Impact and Flexure-After-Impact protocols for 2D and 3D woven fiber-reinforced composites10.1016/j.compositesa.2017.07.005 ↗
51. 3D braided preforms for shaped composite material
52. Compression failure mechanisms of 3-D angle interlock woven composites subjected to low-energy impact
53. Damage tolerance of three-dimensional commingled PEEK/carbon composites
54. Fiber-reinforcement-based crack arrester for composite bonded joints
55. Arresting crack in composite bonded joint using interlocking design feature
56. Stopping fatigue crack in composite bonded joint using interlocked fiber feature
57. Crack propagation suppression in composite T-joint using fiber-reinforcement-based crack arrester
58. Joan · 1989
59. Impact and delamination failure of woven-fabric composites10.1016/S0266-3538(99)00166-9 ↗
60. Effect of tow thickness on the structural response of aerospace-grade spread-tow fabrics10.1016/j.compstruct.2017.06.047 ↗
61. Examination of compression after impact (CAI) test method and relationships with open hole compression (OHC)
62. Some experimental findings in compression-after-impact (CAI) tests of CF/PEEK (APC-2) and conventional CF/epoxy flat plates10.1016/0266-3538(95)00079-8 ↗
63. Investigation of the response to low velocity impact and quasi-static indentation loading of particle-toughened carbon-fibre composite materials10.1016/j.compositesa.2015.03.016 ↗
64. On the mechanical response of CFRP composite with embedded optical fibre when subjected to low velocity impact and CAI tests10.1016/j.compstruct.2017.07.063 ↗
65. ASTM D7137/D7137M-07 · 2007
66. ASTM D7136/D7136M-05 · 2005
67. Three-dimensional analysis of center-delaminated unidirectional and multidirectional single-leg bending specimens10.1016/0266-3538(95)00069-0 ↗
68. Three dimensional analysis and resulting design recommendations for unidirectional and multidirectional end-notched flexure tests10.1177/002199839502901602 ↗
69. Delamination characteristics of double cantilever beam and end-notched flexure composite specimens10.1016/0266-3538(96)00001-2 ↗
70. Influence of ply orientation on delamination in composite laminates10.1177/002199839803202103 ↗
71. Engineering the translaminar fracture behaviour of thin-ply composites10.1016/j.compscitech.2016.06.002 ↗
72. SK Chemicals · 2013
73. Cytec Industrial Materials
74. Interface micro-texturing for interlaminar toughness tailoring: a film-casting technique10.1016/j.compscitech.2017.10.016 ↗
75. Loading rate dependency of Mode I interlaminar fracture toughness for unidirectional composite laminates10.1016/j.compscitech.2018.07.040 ↗
76. ASTM D5528-13 · 2013
77. Mode II fracture toughness evaluation using four point bend, end notched flexure test10.1179/146580199101540565 ↗
78. A model for predicting damage in graphite/epoxy laminated composites resulting from low-velocity point impact10.1177/002199839202601408 ↗
79. An efficient approach to determine compression after impact strength of quasi-isotropic composite laminates10.1016/j.compscitech.2014.04.015 ↗
80. Prediction of the post-impact compressive strength of CFRP laminated composites10.1016/0266-3538(96)00050-4 ↗
81. A new method for compression after impact strength prediction of composite laminates10.1177/0021998302036005497 ↗
82. Impact and compression after impact experimental study of a composite laminate with a cork thermal shield10.1016/j.compscitech.2007.03.032 ↗