Compression properties and damage mechanisms of stitched carbon/epoxy composites
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract The effect of stitching on compression properties and damage mechanisms of carbon/epoxy composites is experimentally investigated. The waviness angle of load-bearing tows is also measured in both in-plane and out-of-plane directions, and a correlation is made between compression strength and the waviness angle. It is found that stitching generally reduces the compression strength of carbon/epoxy composites of up to 16%. The average compression strength has a stronger correlation with the in-plane waviness angle rather than the out-of-plane one. A comparative damage assessment, which studies the initiation, progression and final failure in stitched and unstitched composites under axial compression, reveals that the early cracking in resin-rich region is responsible for the lower compression strength experienced by the stitched composites. The interaction between resin cracking and fiber splitting near the flank of wavy fibers accelerates the development of fiber kinking, and causes an early failure in stitched composites.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Mechanical Behavior of Composites · Epoxy Resin Curing Processes · Fiber-reinforced polymer composites
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (33)
Show source-provided references
1. Tong · 2002
2. Tan · 2011
3. Dow MB, Smith DL. Damage-tolerant composite materials produced by stitching carbon fabrics. In: Proceedings of 21st international SAMPE technical conference, September 1989.
4. Du X, Xue F, Gu Z. Experimental study of the effect of stitching on strength of a composite laminate. In: Proceedings of international symposium on composite materials and structures, Beijing, PR China, 10–13 June 1986.
5. Harris H, Schinske N, Krueger R, Swanson B. Multiaxial stitched preform reinforcement for RTM fabrication. In: Proceedings of 36th international SAMPE technical conference, California, USA, 15–18 April 1991.
6. Herszberg I, Bannister MK. Compression and compression-after-impact properties of thin stitched carbon/epoxy composites. In: Proceedings of 5th Australia aeronautical conference, Melbourne, Australia, 20–23 March 1993.
7. Adanur S, Gongalareddy SR. Compressive properties of stitched woven fiberglass fabric reinforced composite sections for civil engineering applications. In: Proceedings of 3rd international conference on composite engineering (ICCE-3), New Orleans, USA, 21–26 July 1996.
8. Structurally stitched NCF CFRP laminates. Part 1: Experimental characterization of in-plane and out-of-plane properties10.1016/j.compscitech.2010.11.012 ↗
9. A mechanistic approach to the properties of stitched laminates10.1016/S1359-835X(99)00056-1 ↗
10. A review of the effect of stitching on the in-plane mechanical properties of fibre-reinforced polymer composites10.1016/S1359-835X(97)00057-2 ↗
11. Reeder JR. Comparison of the compressive strengths for stitched and toughened composite systems. Technical report, NASA/TM-109108; 1994.
12. Cholakara MT, Jang BZ, Wang CZ. Deformation and failure mechanisms in 3D composites. In: Proceedings of 34th international SAMPE symposium, Nevada, USA, 8–11 May 1989.
13. A mechanism responsible for reducing compression strength of through-the-thickness reinforced composite materials10.1177/002199839202601206 ↗
14. Compression strength reduction in composite laminates due to multiple-layer waviness10.1016/0266-3538(95)00020-8 ↗
15. Effect of fabric compaction and yarn waviness on 3D woven composite compressive properties10.1016/j.compositesa.2011.07.006 ↗
16. Compression properties of z-pinned composite laminates10.1016/j.compscitech.2007.04.017 ↗
17. Thickness effect on the compressive strength of T800/924C carbon fibre–epoxy laminates10.1016/S1359-835X(04)00158-7 ↗
18. Effect of stitch density on tensile properties and damage mechanisms of stitched carbon/epoxy composites10.1016/j.compositesb.2012.10.003 ↗
19. Effect of stitch density and stitch thread thickness on compression after impact strength and response of stitched composites10.1016/j.compscitech.2012.01.003 ↗
20. T800S, Data Sheet, No. CFA-019. .
21. Denatite XNR6813/XNH6813, Technical Information Sheet. .
22. Vectran Technical Data Sheet. .
23. Yasui Y, Hori F, Amano M, Takeuchi J. Method and apparatus for production of a three-dimensional fabric. US Patent 5833802, 1998.
24. Ogasawara T, Ishikawa T. Evaluation of standard compressive test methods for carbon fiber composites and proposal of a simple test method (NAL-II). Technical report, JAXA-RM-08-010; 2009. [in Japanese].
25. Ogasawara T, Ishikawa T. Evaluation of standard compressive strengths of graphite/epoxy composite laminates, Part II. In: Proceedings of 46th JSASS/JSME structural strength conference, Hachinohe, Japan, 2004. [in Japanese].
26. SACMA SRM 1R-94, Recommended test method for compressive properties of oriented fiber–resin composites, Suppliers of Advanced Composite Materials Association (SACMA); 1994.
27. Identification of the most significant processing parameters on the development of fiber waviness in thin laminates10.1177/0021998302036012575 ↗
28. Failure of NCF composites subjected to combined compression and shear loading10.1016/j.compscitech.2006.02.021 ↗
29. On failure mechanisms of composite laminates with an open hole subjected to compressive load10.1016/j.compscitech.2005.07.042 ↗
30. On the initiation and growth of kink bands in fiber composites: Part I. Experiments10.1016/S0020-7683(00)00174-8 ↗
31. Compressive kinking of fiber composites: a topical review
32. Compressive failure of fiber composites10.1016/S0065-2156(08)70385-5 ↗
33. In-plane properties of composite laminates with through-thickness pin reinforcement10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2005.05.017 ↗