FURTHER INVESTIGATIONS IN THE IMPROVEMENT OF CLAYS THROUGH CONTROL OF _P H AND CHARACTER OF BASE‐EXCHANGE SATURATION*

A bstract Marked improvement in the workability of clays and the quality of the fired products can be attained with many clays by a control process that involves the regulation of pH and the character of base saturation by the addition of sodium carbonate and other alkaline materials. The amount of basic material which must be added to effect this proper control is most easily determined by the use of titration curves derived by titrating samples of the clays with alkali. The interpretation of the various types of curves thus obtained is discussed in detail. The control process, if desired, may be used in combination with deairing. The use of certain wetting agents in addition to the control process has given only slight additional benefit.