Elastic and viscoelastic behaviour of sandwich panels with glass-fibre reinforced polymer faces and polyethylene terephthalate foam core
Source abstract
Abstract
This paper presents experimental and analytical investigations about the elastic and viscoelastic (creep) behaviour of sandwich panels made of glass-fibre reinforced polymer faces and a polyethylene terephthalate foam core, produced by vacuum infusion for civil engineering structural applications. First, the elastic response of the panels’ constituent materials (glass-fibre reinforced polymer and polyethylene terephthalate) in tension, compression and shear was experimentally assessed; shear tests on the foam were carried out using a novel test method, the diagonal tension shear test. The creep behaviour in shear of the polyethylene terephthalate foam was evaluated for different load levels. The effective flexural properties of the full-scale sandwich panels as well as their flexural behaviour up to failure were experimentally assessed. Flexural creep and subsequent recovery experiments were also conducted for different load levels, to characterise the viscoelastic behaviour of the full-scale sandwich panels. Creep deformations of the polyethylene terephthalate foam and of the sandwich panels were found to be significantly lower than those corresponding to polyurethane foam and balsa wood reported in the literature; unrecoverable viscoelastic deformations were observed in the full-scale panels. In the analytical study, the creep response of the panels was modelled using Findley’s power law and the composite creep modelling approach. The composite creep modelling predictions were reasonably accurate and allowed assessing the relative contributions of bending and shear deformations to the total sandwich panel creep deflections.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Structural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete · Cellular and Composite Structures · Masonry and Concrete Structural Analysis
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
CERIS, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
References (42)
Show source-provided references
1. 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2002)6:2(73)10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2002)6:2(73) ↗
2. 10.1533/978085709895510.1533/9780857098955 ↗
3. 10.1533/978085709864110.1533/9780857098641 ↗
4. 10.1007/s11709-013-0216-810.1007/s11709-013-0216-8 ↗
5. 10.2749/10168669978048167310.2749/101686699780481673 ↗
6. 10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.000042310.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000423 ↗
7. 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2008)12:4(454)10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2008)12:4(454) ↗
8. Eekhout M. The GRP shell structures for the Rabin Center in Tel Aviv. In: Proceedings of the international conference on adaptable building structures (Adaptables2006) , Eindhoven, Netherlands, 3–5 July 2006.
9. 10.1016/S0034-3617(06)71009-810.1016/S0034-3617(06)71009-8 ↗
10. 10.1016/j.tws.2013.05.00610.1016/j.tws.2013.05.006 ↗
11. 10.1016/j.compstruct.2015.08.08010.1016/j.compstruct.2015.08.080 ↗
12. 10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.10.03610.1016/j.engstruct.2015.10.036 ↗
13. 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.11.05310.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.11.053 ↗
14. 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.11.00910.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.11.009 ↗
15. Xanthos M · 2000
16. Feichtinger K, Ma W and Touzot T. Novel thermoplastic foam structural core material with enhanced thermoformability, fatigue endurance and elevated temperature properties, http://speautomotive.com/SPEA_CD/SPEA2004/pdf/a/a3.pdf (n.d., accessed 16 February 2016).
17. 10.1177/002199831349659310.1177/0021998313496593 ↗
18. 10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(1990)2:3(171)10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(1990)2:3(171) ↗
19. 10.1243/030932497151317510.1243/0309324971513175 ↗
20. 10.1177/07316840177267856210.1177/073168401772678562 ↗
21. Herranen H · Mater Sci · 2012 · 18 · 45
22. 10.1177/109963621561714910.1177/1099636215617149 ↗
23. Pieper M, Massüger L and Gätzi R. Innovative processing methods with thermoplastic PET-foam. In: Proceedings of the 15 th international conference on composite structures (ICCS 15) , Porto, Portugal, 15–17 June 2009.
24. 10.1177/109963621348700410.1177/1099636213487004 ↗
25. Gurit Holding AG. Haramain high speed railway – Case study, http://www.gurit.com/haramain-high-speed-rail-2013.aspx (2013, accessed 12 February 2016).
26. 10.1016/j.compositesb.2015.12.02710.1016/j.compositesb.2015.12.027 ↗
27. EN 1990:2002. Eurocode – Basis of structural design.
28. EN 1991-1-1:2002. Eurocode 1: Actions on structures – Part 1-1: General actions – Densities, self-weight, imposed loads for buildings.
29. Airex AG (3A Composites). Airex® T92 Easy Processing Structural Foam, Data Sheet 01.2016 (GF-TDS-021), http://www.airexbaltekbanova.com/airex-t92-pet-foam.html (2016, accessed 29-03-2016).
30. ASTM D3039/D3039M – 08. Standard test method for tensile properties of polymer matrix composite materials . West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM, 2008.
31. ISO 527-1:1993. Plastics – Determination of tensile properties – Part 1: General principles . Geneva, Switzerland: ISO, 1993.
32. ISO 527-4:1997. Plastics – Determination of tensile properties – Part 4: Test conditions for isotropic and orthotropic fibre-reinforced plastic composites . Geneva, Switzerland: ISO, 1997.
33. ASTM D695 – 02. Standard test method for compressive properties of rigid plastics . West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM, 2002.
34. 10.1007/BF0232632010.1007/BF02326320 ↗
35. ASTM C297/C297M – 04(10). Standard test method for flatwise tensile strength of sandwich constructions . West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM, 2004.
36. ASTM C365/C365M – 11a. Standard test method for flatwise compressive properties of sandwich cores . West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM, 2011.
37. EN 13706-2:2002 . Reinforced plastics composites - Specifications for pultruded profiles - Methods of test and general requirements.
38. ASTM D7250/D7250M – 06(2012). Standard practice for determining sandwich beam flexural and shear stiffness . West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM, 2006.
39. Findley WN. Mechanism and mechanics of creep of plastics and stress relaxation and combined stress creep of plastics. Report, Brown University, Rhode Island, USA, 1960.
40. 10.1007/BF0058829810.1007/BF00588298 ↗
41. Garrido M. Composite sandwich panel floors for building rehabilitation . PhD Thesis, University of Lisbon, Portugal, (available online: www.civil.ist.utl.pt/∼jcorreia/Garrido/Thesis.pdf) (2016).
42. Garrido M, Correia JR, Keller T, et al. Creep of sandwich panels with longitudinal reinforcement ribs for civil engineering applications: Experiments and composite creep modelling. J Compos Constr 2016.10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000735 ↗