Hybrid Steel Fiber of Rigid Pavements: A 3D Finite Element and Parametric Analysis

Rigid pavements have high compressive strength and low flexural strength due to the brittleness of concrete. This leads to the formation of cracks easily under the applied loads of vehicles; therefore, the design of concrete pavements usually leads to an increase in the high thicknesses. Hybrid steel fibers are used in concrete to increase flexural strength and minimize crack formation. Using concrete with steel fibers in pavements reduces the required concrete thickness. In recent decades, the application of the finite element method to predict the behavior of rigid pavements has increased. This study investigates the influence of hybrid steel fiber on the behavior of rigid pavements; a finite element modeling approach is used to simulate the case study. Several parameters are entered and investigated in this study, including the proportion mix of hybrid fiber concrete (HFC), which contains 0.2% macro synthetic fibers and 0.68, 0.8, and 0.96% of steel fibers, compressive strengths of 25, 35, and 45 MPa, slab thicknesses of 150, 200, and 250 mm, and the load of the tandem axle at the edge of mid slab on the Winkler foundation. The ATENA software package is used to perform a nonlinear finite element analysis. Thirty-six rigid specimen pavements with dimensions of 3600 × 3600 mm were modeled in this investigation. The results showed that the addition ratio (0.68 + 0.2)% of hybrid fibers is more effective in improving the load bearing capacity with a slab thickness of 150 mm and 25 MPa compressive strength.