Wear Resistance Mechanism of Sub-Nano Cu3P Phase Enhanced the Cu-Pb-Sn Alloy

High Cu-Pb-Sn, as the material for bimetallic cylinder block, is widely used in the selection of wear-resistant parts due to its excellent wear reduction, thermal conductivity, fatigue resistance, and strong bearing capacity, such as bearings and bearing bushes, aerospace pump rotor, turbine and guide plate, etc. However, because its wear resistance is not enough to meet the harsh conditions of high temperature, high speed, and heavy load, the research on high wear resistance Cu-Pb-Sn materials has important theoretical significance and application value for the application of bimetallic materials. ZCuPb20Sn5 alloy was taken as the research object to analyze the influence mechanism of its different microstructure and mechanical properties on the friction and wear properties of alloy materials. Friction experiments under two conditions of oil lubrication and dry friction were carried out on the MMW-1A pin-on-disc friction and wear testing machine. The wear resistance and wear mechanism of ZCuPb20Sn5alloy under the action of Cu3P were discussed, and a high wear-resistant Cu-Pb-Sn alloy for bimetal cylinder block was prepared. The results show that with the increase of P content, both the friction coefficient and wear rate decrease, and the wear reduction of ZCuPb20Sn5 alloy increases. Under oil lubrication conditions, the friction coefficient decreases by 21.4% and the wear rate decreases by 85.5% compared with that without adding P. The friction-reducing and wear-resistant properties of ZCuPb20Sn5 alloy materials are increased. In dry friction and oil lubrication, the mass wear amount of ZCuPb20Sn5 alloy material decreases with the increase of P element addition, and the change rule of alloy wear amount is consistent under the two methods. In the process of friction and wear, adhesive wear occurs, and the wear amount of the alloy material increases. With the increase of P content, the lead particles are refined and evenly distributed, which promotes the formation of a uniform self-lubricating lead film during the friction process and reduces the degree of adhesive wear. The appearance of Cu3P reduces the contact area of the friction surface and weakens the adhesive wear, so the wear rate is reduced.