Investigation of the Microstructure and Wear Properties of Conventional Laser Cladding and Ultra-High-Speed Laser Cladding Alloy Coatings for Wheel Materials
Source abstract
Abstract
In this paper, Fe-based and Co-based alloy powders were chosen to perform laser cladding on wheel materials through conventional laser cladding (CLC) and ultra-high-speed laser cladding (UHSLC) processes, respectively. The microstructures, element distribution, phase composition and hardness of the Fe-based alloy and Co-based alloy coating layers using the CLC and UHSLC processes were compared and analysed. The results show that the CLC and UHSLC alloy coatings were dense and free of defects such as pores and cracks. Compared with the CLC alloy coating, the grain size of the UHSLC alloy coating was smaller, the coating composition was close to the powder design composition, and the distribution of Cr within and between the grains was more uniform. The Fe-based coating was mainly composed of (Fe, Ni) and Cr7C3, and the Co-based coating was mainly composed of γ-Co and Cr23C6. It was found that the cooling rate of the CLC alloy coating was smaller than that of the USHLC, and the hardness of the CLC alloy coating was less than that of the USHLC. The average hardness of the UHSLC Fe-based and Co-based alloy coatings was 709 HV and 525 HV, respectively. The average hardness of the CLC Fe-based and Co-based alloy coatings was 615 HV and 493 HV, respectively. The rolling friction and wear tests were carried out with the CLC-treated and UHSLC-treated wheel specimens on the GPM-30 rolling contact fatigue testing machine. The results showed that the wear rate of the UHSLC alloy coating on the wheel specimens was significantly lower than that of the CLC alloy coating on the wheel specimens. The wear rates of the UHSLC Fe-based and Co-based alloy coatings on the wheel specimens were reduced by 40.7% and 73.8%, respectively. It was demonstrated that the wear resistance of the USHLC alloy coatings was better than those of the CLC alloy coatings. The CLC alloy coating exhibited more severe fatigue damage with small cracks. Furthermore, the damage of the UHSLC alloy coating was relatively minor, with slight spalling. The Co-based alloy coating exhibited superior wear properties with the same laser cladding process.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: High Entropy Alloys Studies · Metal Alloys Wear and Properties · Additive Manufacturing Materials and Processes
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Key Laboratory of Railway Industry on Intelligent Operation and Maintenance for Locomotive and Vehicle, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China
Key Laboratory of Conveyance Equipment, Ministry of Education, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China
Key Laboratory of Urban Rail Transit Intelligent Operation and Maintenance Technology & Equipment of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321005, China
Tribology Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
Funding
National Natural Science Foundation of China · State Key Laboratory of Performance Monitoring and Protecting of Rail Transit Infrastructure · Open Project of Key Laboratory of Conveyance Equipment (East China Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education · Research on key Technologies for laser cladding Repair of Railway Wheels and Rails
References (32)
Show source-provided references
1. Microstructural Characterization of AISI 431 Martensitic Stainless Steel Laser-Deposited Coatings10.1007/s10853-010-5229-2 ↗
2. Rail Rolling Contact Fatigue Formation and Evolution with Surface Defects10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2022.106762 ↗
3. Study on Wear and RCF Performance of Repaired Damage Railway Wheels: Assessing Laser Cladding to Repair Local Defects on Wheels10.1016/j.wear.2019.04.028 ↗
4. Microstructure Evolution of Railway Pearlitic Wheel Steels under Rolling-Sliding Contact Loading10.1016/j.triboint.2020.106685 ↗
5. Effect of Metallurgical Behavior on Microstructure and Properties of FeCrMoMn Coatings Prepared by High-Speed Laser Cladding10.1016/j.optlastec.2021.107431 ↗
6. Effect of CeO2 Addition on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of In-Situ (Ti, Nb)C/Ni Coating10.1016/j.surfcoat.2018.12.083 ↗
7. Microstructure and High-Temperature Wear Behavior of CoCrFeNiWx High-Entropy Alloy Coatings Fabricated by Laser Cladding10.1016/j.triboint.2022.107574 ↗
8. Assessment of Laser Cladding as an Option for Repairing/Enhancing Rails10.1016/j.wear.2015.02.027 ↗
9. Comparative Study of Stainless Steel AISI 431 Coatings Prepared by Extreme-High-Speed and Conventional Laser Cladding10.2351/1.5094378 ↗
10. Comparison on Microstructure and Properties of Stainless Steel Layer Formed by Extreme High-Speed and Conventional Laser Melting Deposition10.3389/fmats.2019.00248 ↗
11. Effect of Laser Cladding on Wear and Damage Behaviors of Heavy-Haul Wheel/Rail Materials10.1016/j.wear.2014.01.011 ↗
12. Comparative Studies on Microstructure and Properties of CoCrFeMnNi High Entropy Alloy Coatings Fabricated by High-Speed Laser Cladding and Normal Laser Cladding10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.169517 ↗
13. Comparison of CoCrFeNi Coatings Prepared via High-Speed Laser Cladding and Normal Laser Cladding on Microstructure and Properties10.1016/j.intermet.2022.107795 ↗
14. A Comparative Study on Microstructure and Properties of Traditional Laser Cladding and High-Speed Laser Cladding of Ni45 Alloy Coatings10.1016/j.surfcoat.2020.126582 ↗
15. Thermal Fatigue Resistance of Non-Smooth Cast Iron Treated by Laser Cladding with Different Self-Fluxing Alloys10.1016/j.optlastec.2010.03.001 ↗
16. Research and Progress of Laser Cladding on Engineering Alloys: A Review10.1016/j.jmapro.2021.03.061 ↗
17. A Survey of Wheel–Rail Contact Models for Rail Vehicles10.1080/00423114.2015.1137956 ↗
18. Effect of Microstructure on the Corrosion Resistance of Coatings by Extreme High Speed Laser Cladding10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.146085 ↗
19. Metallurgical and Geometrical Characterisation of the 316L Stainless Steel Clad Deposited on a Mild Steel Substrate10.1016/j.surfcoat.2017.08.013 ↗
20. Effects of the Content of MoS2 on Microstructural Evolution and Wear Behaviors of the Laser-Clad Coatings10.1016/j.surfcoat.2018.10.100 ↗
21. Friction, Wear, and Airborne Particle Emissions from Rail-Wheel Contact with Laser Cladded Overlays—A Pin-Disc Tribometer Simulation10.1016/j.wear.2023.204635 ↗
22. Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Fe-Based WC Coating by Multi-Track Overlapping Laser Induction Hybrid Rapid Cladding10.1016/j.optlastec.2011.06.017 ↗
23. Parameter Optimization and Experimental Study of the Sprocket Repairing Using Laser Cladding10.1007/s00170-017-0066-y ↗
24. Microstructure and Sliding Wear Behaviour of Tribaloy T-800 Coatings Deposited by Laser Cladding10.1016/j.wear.2005.04.020 ↗
25. Study on Microstructure and Properties of Fe-Based Amorphous Composite Coating by High-Speed Laser Cladding10.1016/j.optlastec.2021.107574 ↗
26. Ju, J., Zhou, Y., Kang, M.D., and Wang, J. (2018). Optimization of Process Parameters, Microstructure, and Properties of Laser Cladding Fe-Based Alloy on 42CrMo Steel Roller. Materials, 11.10.3390/ma11102061 ↗
27. Xiao, Q., Zhang, B., and Yang, W.B. (2022). Investigation on Sliding Tribological Properties of Laser Cladding Alloy Coating for Subway Wheels. Coatings, 12.10.3390/coatings12101561 ↗
28. Effect of Deposition Material and Heat Treatment on Wear and Rolling Contact Fatigue of Laser Cladded Rails10.1016/j.wear.2018.07.001 ↗
29. Laser-Induction Hybrid Cladding of Different Coatings on Rail Surface: Microstructure, Wear Properties and Contact Fatigue Behaviors10.1016/j.apsusc.2021.150678 ↗
30. Optimization and Wear Behaviors of 316L Stainless Steel Laser Cladding on Rail Material10.1016/j.wear.2023.204830 ↗
31. Improving Rail Wear and RCF Performance Using Laser Cladding10.1016/j.wear.2016.05.011 ↗
32. Wear Mapping and Transitions in Wheel and Rail Materials under Different Contact Pressure and Sliding Velocity Conditions10.1016/j.wear.2016.01.017 ↗