Chemical Changes of Graphene Oxide Thin Films Induced by Thermal Treatment under Vacuum Conditions
Source abstract
Abstract
Reduction of graphene oxide is one of the most promising strategies for obtaining bulk quantities of graphene-like materials. In this study, graphene oxide was deposited on SiO2 and reduced by annealing at 500 K under vacuum conditions (5 × 10−1 Pa). Here, graphene oxide films as well as their chemical changes upon heating were characterized in depth by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron and atomic force microscopies. From the chemical point of view, the as prepared graphene oxide films presented a large quantity of oxidized functional groups that were reduced to a large extent upon heating. Moreover, residual oxidized sulfur species that originated during the synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) were almost completely removed by heating while nitrogen traces were integrated into the carbon framework. On the other hand, regarding structural considerations, reduced graphene oxide films showed more homogeneity and lower roughness than graphene oxide films.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Graphene research and applications · Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication · Advancements in Battery Materials
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Centre for Mechanical Technology & Automation, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
Funding
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia · European Regional Development Fund
References (35)
Show source-provided references
1. Donarelli, M., and Ottaviano, L. (2018). 2D materials for gas sensing applications: A review on graphene oxide, MoS2, WS2 and Phosphorene. Sensors, 18.10.3390/s18113638 ↗
2. Heterostructures based on two-dimensional layered materials and their potential applications10.1016/j.mattod.2015.11.003 ↗
3. Synthesis of graphene oxide using modified hummers method: Solvent influence10.1016/j.proeng.2017.04.118 ↗
4. High-efficient synthesis of graphene oxide based on improved hummers method10.1038/srep36143 ↗
5. Improved synthesis of graphene oxide10.1021/nn1006368 ↗
6. Reduction of graphene oxide via modified hydrothermal method10.1016/j.mspro.2015.11.104 ↗
7. Reductive nanometric patterning of graphene oxide paper using electron beam lithography10.1016/j.carbon.2017.11.067 ↗
8. Ordered vacancy network induced by the growth of epitaxial graphene on Pt(111)10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.216102 ↗
9. Strain-driven moiré superstructures of epitaxial graphene on transition metal surfaces10.1021/nn201200j ↗
10. Role of the pinning points in epitaxial graphene moiré superstructures on the Pt(111) Surface10.1038/srep20354 ↗
11. Chemistry below graphene: Decoupling epitaxial graphene from metals by potential-controlled electrochemical oxidation10.1016/j.carbon.2017.12.104 ↗
12. Hydrogen bonding-driven rheological modulation of chemically reduced graphene oxide/poly(vinyl alcohol) suspensions and its application in electrospinning10.1039/c2nr32160b ↗
13. Preparation and characterization of graphene oxide paper10.1038/nature06016 ↗
14. Graphene oxide papers modified by divalent ions—enhancing mechanical properties via chemical cross-linking10.1021/nn700349a ↗
15. Tuning the mechanical properties of graphene oxide paper and its associated polymer nanocomposites by controlling cooperative intersheet hydrogen bonding10.1021/nn202928w ↗
16. Liu, S., Hu, K., Cerruti, M., and Barthelat, F. (2019). Ultra-stiff graphene oxide paper prepared by directed-flow vacuum filtration. Carbon, In press, corrected Proof.10.1016/j.carbon.2019.11.007 ↗
17. Hydrazine-reduction of graphite- and graphene oxide10.1016/j.carbon.2011.02.071 ↗
18. efficient reduction of graphite oxide by sodium borohydride and its effect on electrical conductance10.1002/adfm.200900167 ↗
19. Reduced graphene oxide paper based nanocomposite materials for flexible supercapacitors10.1039/C5RA00563A ↗
20. Free-standing reduced graphene oxide paper with high electrical conductivity10.1007/s11664-015-4000-5 ↗
21. Atomic structure of reduced graphene oxide10.1021/nl9031617 ↗
22. Low-temperature thermal reduction of graphene oxide: In situ correlative structural, thermal desorption, and electrical transport measurements10.1063/1.4996337 ↗
23. Low-temperature thermal reduction of graphene oxide films in ambient atmosphere: Infra-red spectroscopic studies and gas sensing applications10.1016/j.mee.2016.03.030 ↗
24. Chemical analysis of graphene oxide films after heat and chemical treatments by X-ray photoelectron and Micro-Raman spectroscopy10.1016/j.carbon.2008.09.045 ↗
25. One-pot hydrothermal synthesis of Nitrogen-doped graphene as high-performance anode materials for lithium ion batteries10.1038/srep26146 ↗
26. Plasma-assisted simultaneous reduction and nitrogen doping of graphene oxide nanosheets10.1039/c3ta10337d ↗
27. XPS study of sulfur and phosphorus compounds with different oxidation states10.17576/jsm-2018-4708-33 ↗
28. Sulfur species in graphene oxide10.1002/chem.201300387 ↗
29. Electrostatic self-assembled graphene oxide-collagen scaffolds towards a three-dimensional microenvironment for biomimetic applications10.1039/C6RA10213A ↗
30. Single source precursor-based solvothermal synthesis of heteroatom-doped graphene and its energy storage and conversion applications10.1038/srep05639 ↗
31. A Raman spectroscopic investigation of graphite oxide derived graphene10.1063/1.4756995 ↗
32. Facile and safe graphene preparation on solution based platform10.1016/j.jiec.2013.11.022 ↗
33. Synthesis route of reduced graphene oxide via thermal reduction of chemically exfoliated graphene oxide10.1016/j.matchemphys.2017.10.020 ↗
34. Radiation induced reduction: An effective and clean route to synthesize functionalized graphene10.1039/c2jm16722k ↗
35. Surface roughness regulation of reduced-graphene oxide/iodine – Based electrodes and their application in polymer solar cells10.1016/j.jcis.2019.01.029 ↗