Cross-Scale Mechanical Contact Analysis from Asperities to Rough Surfaces: A Critical Review

Engineering equipment is an important material foundation for supporting national defense security and promoting the development of the national economy. Large and complex mechanical equipment has a complex structural composition and a large number of components, with a great deal of connection structures such as bolts and flanges inside. Affected by long-term loading conditions, phenomena like the degradation of contact stiffness will occur at the connection interfaces between components. This, in turn, will affect the dynamic characteristics of the entire system and seriously impact the reliability and performance of the equipment. By combining the microscopic contact mechanism with the cross-scale modeling method, the proposed contact framework can study the contact behavior of the connection interfaces more comprehensively. This paper classifies and summarizes the research status of the asperity contact model from the perspective of geometric modeling, classifies and summarizes the research status of the statistical contact model of rough surfaces according to different height distributions of asperities, and looks ahead to the research directions of the cross-scale model of connection structures in the future.