Anhydride-Cured Epoxy Powder Coatings from Natural-Origin Resins, Hardeners, and Fillers
Source abstract
Abstract
Carbon-neutral policy and technological race on the powder coatings market force to develop more advanced, safer, cheaper, and naturally sourced products. To meet the market needs, powder coating compositions and coatings were prepared from safe and natural-origin hardeners, resins, and fillers prepared from rosin, bio-diols, bio-epichlorohydrin, and halloysite, to investigate their thermal, mechanical, and functional properties in comparison with petroleum-based references: cross-linking behavior, glass transition temperature, thermal stability, hardness, cupping resistance, adhesion, chemical resistance, gloss, color, and anti-corrosive behavior in salt chamber. As a result, compositions containing up to 83 wt.% of natural resources, and showing comparable or better properties, as compared to references, were successfully prepared. Their application includes binders for future ecological powder paints for demanding protection of steel substrates.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Polymer composites and self-healing · Polymer Nanocomposites and Properties · Lignin and Wood Chemistry
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Polymeric Materials, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave., 42 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
Department of Polymer Technology and Processing, Industrial Chemistry Research Institute, Rydygiera 8, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland
Funding
National Centre for Research and Development, Poland
References (37)
Show source-provided references
1. Spyrou, E. (2014). Powder Coatings Chemistry and Technology, Vincentz Network. [3rd rev. ed.].
2. (2021, February 01). Powder Coatings Market Size, Share, Industry Report, 2027. Available online: https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/powder-coatings-market-analysis.
3. Synthesis and characterization of petroleum and biobased epoxy resins: A review10.1002/pi.5575 ↗
4. Research Progress on Bio-based thermosetting resins10.1002/pi.5027 ↗
5. Recent development of biobased epoxy resins: a review10.1080/03602559.2016.1253742 ↗
6. Recent developments on biobased curing agents: a review of their preparation and use10.1021/sc500478f ↗
7. Recent advances in bio-based epoxy resins and bio-based epoxy curing agents10.1002/app.44103 ↗
8. Kugler, S., Ossowicz, P., Malarczyk-Matusiak, K., and Wierzbicka, E. (2019). Advances in rosin-based chemicals: The latest recipes, applications and future trends. Molecules, 24.10.3390/molecules24091651 ↗
9. Thermal shielding performances of nano-structured intumescent coatings containing organo-modified layered double hydroxides10.1016/j.porgcoat.2014.06.011 ↗
10. Environmentally friendly antifouling coatings based on biodegradable polymer and natural antifoulant10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b01385 ↗
11. Improvement of water resistance, dimensional stability, and mechanical properties of poplar wood by rosin impregnation10.1007/s00107-015-0998-6 ↗
12. Multi-seasonal barnacle (balanus improvisus) protection achieved by trace amounts of a macrocyclic lactone (ivermectin) included in rosin-based coatings10.1080/08927014.2011.616636 ↗
13. Quaternary ammonium “tannate” for antifouling coatings10.1021/ie301524r ↗
14. Enhanced removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous media using a highly stable and magnetically separable rosin-biochar-coated TiO2@c nanocomposite10.1039/C8RA02860E ↗
15. Strength assessment and defect detection in welded pipeline seams by means of brittle tensosensitive coatings10.3103/S1068798X1102016X ↗
16. Application of a Bio-Derivative, Rosin, as a Binder additive for lithium titanium oxide electrodes in lithium-ion batteries10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.09.160 ↗
17. Preparation of a bio-based epoxy with comparable properties to those of petroleum-based counterparts10.3144/expresspolymlett.2012.32 ↗
18. High-performance biobased epoxy derived from rosin10.1002/pi.2781 ↗
19. Structure-property correlation study of bio-based multifunctional vinyl ester resin in presence of methacrylated lignin model compounds10.1134/S1560090415050048 ↗
20. Bio-based shape memory epoxy resin synthesized from rosin acid10.1007/s13726-016-0482-0 ↗
21. Preparation, characterization, and flame retardancy of novel rosin-based siloxane epoxy resins10.1021/ie201364q ↗
22. Synthesis, characterization of a rosin-based epoxy monomer and its comparison with a petroleum-based counterpart10.1080/10601325.2013.755879 ↗
23. Rosin based epoxy coating: Synthesis, identification and characterization10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.06.025 ↗
24. Epoxidized rosin acids as co-precursors for epoxy resins10.1080/15685551.2013.840504 ↗
25. Rosin acid oligomers as precursors of dgeba-free epoxy resins10.1039/c3gc41004h ↗
26. Rosin-based acid anhydrides as alternatives to petrochemical curing agents10.1039/b903955d ↗
27. Rosin-derived imide-diacids as epoxy curing agents for enhanced performance10.1016/j.biortech.2009.11.028 ↗
28. Synthesis of rosin-based flexible anhydride-type curing agents and properties of the cured epoxy10.1002/pi.2680 ↗
29. Epoxy resins cross-linked with rosin adduct derivatives. cross-linking and thermal behaviors10.1021/ie101746v ↗
30. Maleopimaric acid—a potent sensitizer in modified rosin10.1111/j.1600-0536.1990.tb01566.x ↗
31. Wierzbicka, E., Kugler, S., Ossowicz, P., and Malarczyk-Matusiak, K. (2020). Modifier of epoxy coating compositions properties. preparation and characterization. Mater. Eng., 5.10.15199/28.2020.5.2 ↗
32. (1999). ISO 3001:1999 Plastics — Epoxy compounds — Determination of epoxy equivalent, ISO. Available online: https://www.iso.org/cms/render/live/en/sites/isoorg/contents/data/standard/02/96/29610.html.
33. (2014). ISO 2813:2014 Paints and Varnishes — Determination of Gloss Value at 20°, 60° and 85°, ISO. Available online: https://www.iso.org/cms/render/live/en/sites/isoorg/contents/data/standard/05/68/56807.html.
34. (2020). ISO 2409:2020 Paints and Varnishes — Cross-Cut Test, ISO. Available online: https://www.iso.org/cms/render/live/en/sites/isoorg/contents/data/standard/07/60/76041.html.
35. (2006). ISO 1520:2006 Paints and Varnishes — Cupping Test, ISO. Available online: https://www.iso.org/cms/render/live/en/sites/isoorg/contents/data/standard/04/09/40923.html.
36. (2020). PN-EN 13523-11:2020-01 Metale Powlekane Metodą Ciągłą – Metody Badań – Część 11: Odporność na Rozpuszczalniki (Próba Pocierania), Polish Committee for Standardization. Available online: https://sklep.pkn.pl/pn-en-13523-11-2020-01e.html.
37. (2017). ISO 9227:2017 Corrosion Tests in Artificial Atmospheres — Salt Spray Tests, ISO. Available online: https://www.iso.org/cms/render/live/en/sites/isoorg/contents/data/standard/06/35/63543.html.