Capsaicin-Modified Fluorosilicone Based Acrylate Coating for Marine Anti-Biofouling

Capsaicin has been extensively studied for its excellent antifouling activity and very low environmental toxicity. However, mixing natural capsaicin with coatings can cause rapid capsaicin leakage, severely shortening its antifouling cycle. In this study, we describe the preparation and performance of a new capsaicin-modified marine antifouling organofluorosilicone, which is based on silicone and fluorine acrylate monomers covalently bound to an organic antimicrobial monomer, HMBA (N-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-acrylamide) on a polymer network. The chemical grafting of HMBA into the polymer has improved the problem of short antifouling life of the coating due to antifouling agent leakage and the environmental pollution caused by the leakage. The study focused on the synthesis of pristine acrylate monomers with organic bioactive groups prepared from vanillin amine salts and their co-polymerization in the presence of distal acrylate oligomers. The resulting cross-linked films were characterized using infrared spectroscopy, contact angle, and adhesion analyses. The results indicate that the materials had good adhesion, low surface energy, and were resistant to prolonged immersion in water. The polyacrylate coating synthesized from acrylate exhibited antibacterial and anti-algae activity. Biological tests on the marine microorganisms, Pseudomonas species, Shewanella species, and Navicula incerta, revealed a 97%, 98%, and 99% reduction compared to the blank control group, respectively, indicating that the coating has strong anti-adhesive ability. This work is expected to develop a promising material for marine antifouling.