Influence of Two-Stage Anodization on Properties of the Oxide Coatings on the Ti–13Nb–13Zr Alloy
Source abstract
Abstract
The increasing demand for titanium and its alloys used for implants results in the need for innovative surface treatments that may both increase corrosion resistance and biocompatibility and demonstrate antibacterial protection at no cytotoxicity. The purpose of this research was to characterize the effect of two-stage anodization—performed for 30 min in phosphoric acid—in the presence of hydrofluoric acid in the second stage. Scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy, nanoindentation and nano-scratch tests, potentiodynamic corrosion studies, and water contact angle measurements were performed to characterize microstructure, mechanical, chemical and physical properties. The biologic examinations were carried out to determine the cytotoxicity and antibacterial effects of oxide coatings. The research results demonstrate that two-stage oxidation affects several features and, in particular, improves mechanical and chemical behavior. The processes influencing the formation and properties of the oxide coating are discussed.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Bone Tissue Engineering Materials · Titanium Alloys Microstructure and Properties · Metal and Thin Film Mechanics
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Department of Materials Engineering and Bonding, Gdansk University of Technology, 80233 Gdańsk, Poland
Institut de Mécanique et d’Ingénierie, Université de Bordeaux, 33405 Talence CEDEX, France
Department of Dental Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, 02097 Warsaw, Poland
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, 80233 Gdańsk, Poland
References (90)
Show source-provided references
1. Biomedical materials and techniques to improve the tribological, mechanical and biomedical properties of orthopedic implants—A review article10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.04.231 ↗
2. Oldani, C., and Dominguez, A. (2012). Titanium as a biomaterial for implants. Recent Adv. Arthroplast., 149–162.10.5772/27413 ↗
3. Review on titanium and titanium based alloys as biomaterials for orthopedic applications10.1016/j.msec.2019.04.064 ↗
4. Development of binary and ternary titanium alloys for dental implants10.1016/j.dental.2017.07.013 ↗
5. Biomaterial properties of titanium in dentistry10.1016/j.job.2015.08.001 ↗
6. Degradation mechanisms and future challenges of titanium and its alloys for dental implant applications in oral environment10.1016/j.msec.2017.02.159 ↗
7. Application of titanium and titanium alloys to fixed dental prostheses10.1016/j.jpor.2019.04.011 ↗
8. Surface modifications by both anodic oxidation and ion beam implantation on electropolished titanium substrates10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.05.216 ↗
9. Multifunctional porous titanium oxide coating with apatite forming ability and photocatalytic activity on a titanium substrate formed by plasma10.1016/j.msec.2013.08.003 ↗
10. Positive modulation of osteogenesis on a titanium oxide surface incorporating strontium oxide: An in vitro and in vivo study10.1016/j.msec.2019.02.013 ↗
11. Effects of plasma electrolytic oxidation process on the mechanical properties of additively manufactured porous biomaterials10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.079 ↗
12. Cell interaction with modified nanotubes formed on titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V10.1016/j.msec.2016.04.037 ↗
13. Cell response to plasma electrolytic oxidation surface-modified low-modulus β-type titanium alloys10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.12.064 ↗
14. Vanadium exposure-induced neurobehavioral alterations among Chinese workers10.1016/j.neuro.2013.02.008 ↗
15. Aluminum in the central nervous system (CNS): Toxicity in humans and animals, vaccine adjuvants, and autoimmunity10.1007/s12026-013-8403-1 ↗
16. Corrosion and surface modification on biocompatible metals: A review10.1016/j.msec.2017.04.102 ↗
17. Nanosize and Vitality: TiO2Nanotube Diameter Directs Cell Fate10.1021/nl070678d ↗
18. Chen, X., Fan, H., Deng, X., Wu, L., Yi, T., Gu, L., Zhou, C., Fan, Y., and Zhang, X. (2018). Scaffold structural microenvironmental cues to guide tissue regeneration in bone tissue applications. Nanomaterials, 8.10.3390/nano8110960 ↗
19. Dumas, V., Guignandon, A., Vico, L., Mauclair, C., Zapata, X., Linossier, M.T., Bouleftour, W., Granier, J., Peyroche, S., and Dumas, J.C. (2015). Femtosecond laser nano/micro patterning of titanium influences mesenchymal stem cell adhesion and commitment. Biomed. Mater., 10.10.1088/1748-6041/10/5/055002 ↗
20. The possibility of use of laser-modified Ti6Al4V alloy in friction pairs in endoprostheses10.1515/amm-2015-0202 ↗
21. Oxide dependent wear mechanisms of titanium against a steel counterface: Influence of SMAT nanostructured surface10.1016/j.wear.2019.05.007 ↗
22. Enhanced in-vitro osteoblastic functions on β-type titanium alloy using surface mechanical attrition treatment10.1016/j.msec.2018.12.082 ↗
23. Osteogrowth induction titanium surface treatment reduces ROS production of mesenchymal stem cells increasing their osteogenic commitment10.1016/j.msec.2016.12.032 ↗
24. Effect of chemical surface treatment of titanium on its bond with dental ceramics10.1016/j.prosdent.2017.11.025 ↗
25. A review of hydroxyapatite-based coating techniques: Sol–gel and electrochemical depositions on biocompatible metals10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.11.031 ↗
26. A comprehensive review of hydroxyapatite-based coatings adhesion on metallic biomaterials10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.10.162 ↗
27. In vivo biofunctionalization of titanium patient-specific implants with nano hydroxyapatite and other nano calcium phosphate coatings: A systematic review10.1016/j.jcms.2015.12.004 ↗
28. Nanotubular oxide layers and hydroxyapatite coatings on porous titanium alloy Ti13Nb13Zr10.1515/adms-2017-0046 ↗
29. Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of nanohydroxyapatite—Nanosilver coatings on Ti13Zr13Nb alloy10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.06.026 ↗
30. Improving biocompatibility of titanium alloy scaffolds by calcium incorporated silicalite-1 coatings10.1016/j.inoche.2019.02.004 ↗
31. Electrophoretic deposition of chitosan reinforced graphene oxide-hydroxyapatite on the anodized titanium to improve biological and electrochemical characteristics10.1016/j.msec.2018.12.136 ↗
32. Development of graphene oxide/calcium phosphate coating by pulse electrodeposition on anodized titanium: Biocorrosion and mechanical behavior10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.11.011 ↗
33. Ac impedance study on the interfacial properties of passivated Ti13Zr13Nb alloy in physiological saline solution10.1002/sia.5383 ↗
34. Investigating the structure and biocompatibility of niobium and titanium oxides as coatings for orthopedic metallic implants10.1016/j.msec.2015.09.059 ↗
35. Electrochemical surface engineering of titanium-based alloys for biomedical application10.1016/j.electacta.2018.03.180 ↗
36. Sliding wear resistance of oxide layers formed on a titanium surface during thermal oxidation
37. The effect of different oxidizing ions on hydrogen peroxide treatment of titanium dental implant10.1016/j.surfcoat.2018.08.037 ↗
38. Adhesion and corrosion resistance of laser-oxidized titanium in potential biomedical application10.1016/j.surfcoat.2019.03.032 ↗
39. Rapid nano-scale surface modification on micro-arc oxidation coated titanium by microwave-assisted hydrothermal process10.1016/j.msec.2018.10.085 ↗
40. He, X., Zhang, X., Wang, X., and Qin, L. (2017). Review of Antibacterial Activity of Titanium-Based Implants’ Surfaces Fabricated by Micro-Arc Oxidation. Coatings, 7.10.20944/preprints201703.0072.v1 ↗
41. Bioactive apatite formation on PEO-treated Ti-6Al-4V alloy after 3rd anodic titanium oxidation10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.04.096 ↗
42. Functionalization of an experimental Ti-Nb-Zr-Ta alloy with a biomimetic coating produced by plasma electrolytic oxidation10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.08.154 ↗
43. Formation and in vitro/in vivo performance of “cortex-like” micro/nanostructured TiO2 coatings on titanium by micro-arc oxidation10.1016/j.msec.2018.02.023 ↗
44. Tooth-colored bioactive titanium alloy prepared with anodic oxidation method for dental implant application10.1016/j.matlet.2019.04.015 ↗
45. Morphology and properties of nanotubular oxide layer on the “Ti–13Zr–13Nb” alloy10.1016/j.surfcoat.2014.06.054 ↗
46. Understanding and augmenting the stability of therapeutic nanotubes on anodized titanium implants10.1016/j.msec.2018.03.007 ↗
47. Properties of composite oxide layers on the Ti13Nb13Zr alloy10.1080/02670844.2017.1305657 ↗
48. Bioactivity of micropatterned TiO2 nanotubes fabricated by micro-milling and anodic oxidation10.1016/j.msec.2018.10.068 ↗
49. TiO2 Nanotubes: Synthesis and applications10.1002/anie.201001374 ↗
50. Self-organized porous titanium oxide prepared in H2SO4 / HF electrolytes10.1149/1.1545192 ↗
51. Influence of water content on nanotubular anodic titania formed in fluoride/glycerolelectrolytes10.1016/j.electacta.2009.02.098 ↗
52. Formation of double-walled TiO2 nanotubes and robust anatase membranes10.1002/adma.200801189 ↗
53. Fast migration of fluoride ions in growing anodic titanium oxide10.1016/j.elecom.2006.12.023 ↗
54. Berger, S., Kunze, J., Schmuki, P., Valota, A.T., LeClere, D.J., Skeldon, P., and Thompson, G.E. (2010). Influence of water content on the growth of anodic TiO2 nanotubes in fluoride-containing ethylene glycol electrolytes. J. Electrochem. Soc., 157.10.1149/1.3251338 ↗
55. Tailoring the morphology of nanotubular oxide layers on Ti-24Nb-4Zr-8Sn β-phase titanium alloy10.1016/j.tsf.2019.03.037 ↗
56. Nanotubular topography enhances the bioactivity of titanium implants10.1016/j.nano.2017.03.017 ↗
57. A two-phase gradual silver release mechanism from a nanostructured TiAlV surface as a possible antibacterial modification in implants10.1016/j.bioelechem.2019.01.003 ↗
58. Functionalization of titanium dioxide nanotubes with biomolecules for biomedical applications10.1016/j.msec.2017.08.017 ↗
59. A novel local drug delivery system: Superhydrophobic titanium oxide nanotube arrays serve as the drug reservoir and ultrasonication functions as the drug release trigger10.1016/j.msec.2017.08.066 ↗
60. A novel method to fabricate organic-free superhydrophobic surface on titanium substrates by removal of surface hydroxyl groups10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.02.162 ↗
61. In-vitro study of hierarchical structures: Anodic oxidation and alkaline treatments onto highly rough titanium cold gas spray coatings for biomedical applications10.1016/j.msec.2018.05.071 ↗
62. Synthesis of titanium oxide nanotubes and their decoration by MnO nanoparticles for biomedical applications10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.06.177 ↗
63. Osseointegration is improved by coating titanium implants with a nanostructured thin film with titanium carbide and titanium oxides clustered around graphitic carbon10.1016/j.msec.2016.08.076 ↗
64. Berbel, L.O., Bonczek, E.P., Karousis, I.K., Kotsakis, G.A., and Costa, I. (2019). Determinants of corrosion resistance of Ti-6Al-4V alloy dental implants in an In Vitro model of peri-implant inflammation. PLoS ONE.10.1371/journal.pone.0210530 ↗
65. Colour properties of barrier anodic oxide films on aluminium and titanium studied with total reflectance and spectroscopic ellipsometry10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.01.021 ↗
66. Yan, X., and Chen, X. (2015). Titanium dioxide nanomaterials. Encyclopedia of Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.10.1002/9781119951438.eibc2335 ↗
67. Characterisation of titanium oxide layers using Raman spectroscopy and optical profilometry: Influence of oxide properties10.1016/j.rinp.2019.01.054 ↗
68. High temperature Raman spectroscopy of titanate nanotubes
69. Titanate and titania nanotubes: Synthesis, properties and applications
70. Han, B., Nezhad, E.Z., Musharavati, F., Jaber, F., and Bae, S. (2018). Tribo-Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Behavior Investigation of Anodized Ti–V Alloy. Coatings, 8.10.3390/coatings8120459 ↗
71. Bioactivation of titanium surfaces using coatings of TiO2 nanotubes rapidly pre-loaded with synthetic hydroxyapatite10.1016/j.actbio.2009.02.032 ↗
72. Corrosion, antibacterial activity and haemocompatibility of TiO2 nanotubes as a function of their annealing temperature10.1016/j.corsci.2015.11.021 ↗
73. Effect of magnetoelectropolishing on nanohardness and Young’s modulus of titanium biomaterial10.1016/j.matlet.2012.06.010 ↗
74. Critical Review of Analysis and Interpretation of nanoindentation test data10.1016/j.surfcoat.2005.03.018 ↗
75. Indentation hardness evaluation of cathodic arc deposited thin hard coatings10.1016/S0257-8972(00)01116-6 ↗
76. Instrumented indentation of layered ceramic materials10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.333.107 ↗
77. Hirvonen, J.K. (1980). Ion Implantation, Academic Press.
78. Electrophoretic deposition and characterization of chitosan/bioactive glass composite coatings on Mg alloy substrates10.1016/j.electacta.2017.02.081 ↗
79. Nanochannels formed on TiZr alloy improvebiological response10.1016/j.actbio.2015.06.016 ↗
80. Influence of surface roughness on the initial formation of biofilm10.1016/j.surfcoat.2015.07.062 ↗
81. An electrochemical study on self-ordered nanoporous and nanotubular oxide on Ti-35Nb-5Ta-7Zr alloy for biomedical applications10.1016/j.actbio.2009.02.017 ↗
82. Electrochemical behaviour insimulated body fluid of TiO2 nanotubes on TiAlNb alloy elaborated in variousanodizing electrolyte10.1002/sia.5364 ↗
83. The influence of surface modification on bacterial adhesion to titanium-based substrates10.1021/am507148n ↗
84. Yoda, I., Koseki, H., Tomita, M., Shida, T., Horiuchi, H., Sakoda, H., and Osaki, M. (2014). Effect of surface roughness of biomaterials on Staphylococcus epidermidis adhesion. BMC Microbiol., 14.10.1186/s12866-014-0234-2 ↗
85. Nanostructured titanium surfaces exhibit recalcitrance towards Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation10.1038/s41598-018-19484-x ↗
86. Decreased Staphylococcus aureus biofilm growth on anodized nanotubular titanium and the effect of electrical stimulation10.1016/j.actbio.2011.04.002 ↗
87. Influence of tunable diameter on the electrochemical behavior and antibacterial activity of titania nanotube arrays for biomedical applications10.1016/j.matchar.2017.04.019 ↗
88. Review of titanium surface modification techniques and coatings for antibacterial applications10.1016/j.actbio.2018.10.036 ↗
89. Adaptive antibacterial biomaterial surfaces and their applications10.1016/j.mtbio.2019.100017 ↗
90. The osteogenic activity of strontium loaded titania nanotube arrays on titanium substrates10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.09.041 ↗