High-Sensitivity and -Stability Thin-Film Heat Flux Sensor Based on Transverse Thermoelectric Effec
Source abstract
Abstract
In this study, we investigate the sensitivity properties of YBa2Cu3O7-δ thin films with a 15° tilting angle in relation to heat flux density. The films were prepared using the laser pulsed deposition (PLD) technique, and their characteristics were evaluated using various techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and infrared steady-state and laser transient calibration systems. The YBa2Cu3O7-δ films prepared in this study were found to be of good quality, exhibiting a single-phase structure with strict (001) orientation. Both the substrate and film diffraction peaks were sharp and consistent with the step-flow growth mode, indicating high crystalline quality. Ultra-high sensitivity in the range of 0 to 100 kW/m2, the maximum sensitivity is 230 μV/(kW/m2), and an uncertainty is only 3%. According to the infrared steady-state heat flux calibration system test, when the single output power of the quartz lamp array is 0.2 kW, 0.3 kW, 0.4 kW and 0.5 kW, the maximum output voltage is 0.19 mV, 0.41 mV, 0.63 mV and 0.94 mV, respectively, indicating that the output voltage of the sensor increases with the increase in heat flux, showing a good linear characteristic, and the fitting linearity is 0.99. Through the test of the laser transient thermal current calibration system, the sensors are found to have excellent response–recovery characteristics at 500 kHz and 1000 kHz fiber laser frequencies, and the maximum voltage output is 8.83 mV and 9.09 mV, respectively. Moreover, the component has excellent repeatability, and the maximum measurement error is only 1.94%. Our findings demonstrate the potential of YBa2Cu3O7-δ thin films for use in heat flux sensing applications.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Advanced Sensor Technologies Research · Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques · Adhesion, Friction, and Surface Interactions
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
The State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
School of Space Science and Physics, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
School of Microelectronics and Control Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
Faculty of Science, Yibin University, Yibin 644007, China
College of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
Funding
National Natural Science Foundation of China · State Key Laboratory of Environmentally friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology
References (65)
Show source-provided references
1. Ablationthermal-structure test of large scale model in 1 m arc heated wind tunnel
2. Effects of sawtooth grooves on supersonic combustion10.1016/j.ast.2023.108223 ↗
3. Chen, H., Li, W., Zhu, S., Hou, A., Liu, T., Xu, J., Zhang, X., Yi, Z., Yi, Y., and Dai, B. (2023). Study on the Thermal Distribution Characteristics of a Molten Quartz Ceramic Surface under Quartz Lamp Radiation. Micromachines, 14.10.3390/mi14061231 ↗
4. Experimental validation of liquid hydrocarbon based fuel rich gas generator for high speed propulsion systems10.1016/j.actaastro.2020.05.009 ↗
5. Gao, S.Y., Wei, K.H., Yang, H., Tang, Y.J., Yi, Z., Tang, C.J., Tang, B., Yi, Y.G., and Wu, P.H. (2023). Design of Surface Plasmon Reso-nance-Based D-Type Double Open-Loop Channels PCF for Temperature Sensing. Sensors, 23.10.3390/s23177569 ↗
6. An extremely facile route to Co2P encased in N,P-codoped carbon layers: Highly efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for ORR and OER10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.11.102 ↗
7. Temperature and heat flux measurement technologies in scramjet
8. The atomic layer thermopile heat flux sensor based on the inclined epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7-δ films10.1016/j.matlet.2022.133336 ↗
9. Developing mechanism-based methods forestimating hypersonic boundary-layer transition in flight: Therole of quiet tunnels10.1016/j.paerosci.2014.09.008 ↗
10. Design method of multiple inlet/outlet air cooling frame of pouch lithium-ion battery based on thermal-fluid coupling topology optimization10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2023.124496 ↗
11. Hypersonic high frequency (1MHz) fluctuation pressure testing technology and application
12. Experimental study on measurement and calculation of heat flux in supersonic combustor of scramjet10.1007/s11630-015-0781-3 ↗
13. High-temperature high-frequency turbine exit flow fieldmeasurements in a military engine with a cooled unsteady total pressure probe10.1177/0957650911413697 ↗
14. Chen, H., Liu, T., Feng, N., Shi, Y., Zhou, Z., and Dai, B. (2023). Structural Design of Dual-Type Thin-Film Thermopiles and Their Heat Flow Sensitivity Performance. Micromachines, 14.10.3390/mi14071458 ↗
15. Design, Preparation, and Performance Study of a Miniaturized High-Temperature Thick-Film Heat Flux Sensor10.1109/JSEN.2023.3255919 ↗
16. Cui, Y., Liu, H., Wang, H., Guo, S., E, M., Ding, W., and Yin, J. (2022). Design and Fabrication of a Thermopile-Based Thin Film Heat Flux Sensor, Using a Lead—Substrate Integration Method. Coatings, 12.10.3390/coatings12111670 ↗
17. Study on unsteady heat transfer of heat flux sensor based on Abaqus
18. Study of Calibration Device on Heat Flux Sensor of the Thermal Resistance Mode
19. Atomic Layer Thermopile Heat Flux Sensor and Its Application in Aerodynamics Tests
20. Li, Z., Wang, G., Yin, J., Xue, H., Guo, J., Wang, Y., and Huang, M. (2023). Development and Performance Analysis of an Atomic Layer Thermopile Sensor for Composite Heat Flux Testing in an Explosive Environment. Electronics, 12.10.3390/electronics12173582 ↗
21. Transverse thermoelectric response in tilted orientation La1−xSrxCoO3(0.05 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) thin films10.1063/1.3673552 ↗
22. Development of a transverse thermoelectric voltage effect in artificial SrTiO3/SrTi1-xNbxO3 epitaxial multilayer films with incline-oriented sublayers10.1039/C4CE00170B ↗
23. Giant voltages upon surface heating in normal YBa2Cu3O7-δ films suggesting an atomic layer thermopile10.1063/1.106613 ↗
24. Time-Resolved Heat Transfer Measurements on the Tip Wall of a Ribbed Channel Using a Novel Heat Flux Sensor-Part Ⅱ: Heat Transfer Results10.1115/1.2472417 ↗
25. Atomic layer thermopile materials: Physics and application
26. High-frequency response heat flux sensor based on the transverse thermoelectric effect of inclined La1−xCaxMnO3 films10.1063/5.0124140 ↗
27. Gradient heat flux sensors for high temperature environments10.1016/j.sna.2011.12.020 ↗
28. Highly sensitive heat flux sensor based on the transverse thermoelectric effect of YBa2Cu3O7-δ thin film10.1063/5.0021451 ↗
29. Transverse thermoelectric response of a tilted metallic multilayer structure10.1063/1.122376 ↗
30. Process Research of Ca3Co4O9 Thermoelectric Materials
31. Laser-induced voltage effects in c-axis inclined NaxCoO2 thin films10.1016/j.apsusc.2012.03.186 ↗
32. Research on Laser Induced Voltage Effect in Polycrystalline YBa2Cu3O7-δ Bulk
33. Laser-induced transverse voltage effect and thermopower anisotropy of c-axis inclined Ca3Co4O9 thin film10.1007/s00339-017-1188-7 ↗
34. Growth of YBa2Cu3O7-δ superconducting films under different atmospheres by pulsed laser deposition10.1016/j.physc.2022.1354206 ↗
35. Tunable smart mid infrared thermal control emitter based on phase change material VO2 thin film10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2023.121074 ↗
36. Surface plasmon resonance sensor composed of microstructured optical fibers for monitoring of external and internal environments in biological and environmental sensing10.1016/j.rinp.2023.106365 ↗
37. Spatially homogeneous copper foam as surface dendrite-free host for zinc metal anode10.1016/j.cej.2019.122248 ↗
38. Zhu, Y.Y., Cai, P.G., Zhang, W.L., Meng, T.Y., Tang, Y.J., Yi, Z., Wei, K.H., Li, G.F., Tang, B., and Yi, Y.G. (2023). Ultra-Wideband High-Efficiency Solar Absorber and Thermal Emitter Based on Semiconductor InAs Microstructures. Micromachines, 14.10.3390/mi14081597 ↗
39. Crosstalk-free achromatic full Stokes imaging polarimetry metasurface enabled by polarization-dependent phase optimization10.29026/oea.2022.220058 ↗
40. The Intercalation Cathode of MOFs-driven Vanadium-based Composite Embedded in N-doped Carbon for Aqueous Zinc ion Batteries10.1016/j.cej.2022.139573 ↗
41. Design of high efficiency perovskite so-lar cells based on inorganic and organic undoped double hole layer10.1016/j.solener.2023.111796 ↗
42. Highly Reversible Phase Transition Endows V6O13 with Enhanced Performance as Aqueous Zinc-Ion Battery Cathode10.1002/ente.201900022 ↗
43. Chen, Z.H., Cai, P.G., Wen, Q.Y., Chen, H., Tang, Y.J., Yi, Z., Wei, K.H., Li, G.F., Tang, B., and Yi, Y.G. (2023). Graphene Multi-Frequency Broadband and Ultra-Broadband Terahertz Absorber Based on Surface Plasmon Resonance. Electronics, 12.10.3390/electronics12122655 ↗
44. Synthesis and electrochemical performance of Li1+xTi2−xFex(PO4)3/C anode for aqueous lithium ion battery10.1016/j.apt.2020.01.015 ↗
45. Charge carrier dynamics in different crystal phases of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite10.29026/oes.2022.210005 ↗
46. The electrochemical performance of aqueous re-chargeable battery of Zn/Na0.44MnO2 based on hybrid electrolyte10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.10.053 ↗
47. Numerical simulation of efficient solar ab-sorbers and thermal emitters based on multilayer nanodisk arrays10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2023.120841 ↗
48. Mixed-valence cobalt oxides bifunctional electro-catalyst with rich oxygen vacancies for aqueous metal-air batteries10.1016/j.cej.2022.139831 ↗
49. Wu, F.Y., Shi, P.C., Yi, Z., Li, H.L., and Yi, Y.G. (2023). Ultra-Broadband Solar Absorber and High-Efficiency Thermal Emitter from UV to Mid-Infrared Spectrum. Micromachines, 14.10.3390/mi14050985 ↗
50. The electrochemical performance improvement of LiMn2O4/Zn based on zinc foil as the current collector and thiourea as an electrolyte additive10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.09.096 ↗
51. Anisotropic thermoelectric power and conductivity in single-crystal YBa2Cu3O7-δ10.1103/PhysRevB.37.9734 ↗
52. Temperature dependence of the self-field critical current densities and flux pinning in YBa2Cu3O7–δ thin films containing nanoprecipitates10.1016/j.physc.2022.1354063 ↗
53. Zou, P., Lv, D., Zhang, H., and Li, Z. (2023). Preparation and Laser-Induced Thermoelectric Voltage Effect of Bi2Sr2Co2Oy Thin Films Grown on Al2O3 (0001) Substrate. Materials, 16.10.3390/ma16145165 ↗
54. The intercalation cathode materials of heterostructure MnS/MnO with dual ions defect embedded in N-doped carbon fibers for aqueous zinc ion batteries10.1016/j.ensm.2022.07.033 ↗
55. Lai, R., Shi, P., Yi, Z., Li, H., and Yi, Y. (2023). Triple-Band Surface Plasmon Resonance Metamaterial Absorber Based on Open-Ended Prohib-ited Sign Type Monolayer Graphene. Micromachines, 14.10.3390/mi14050953 ↗
56. A stable fluoride-based interphase for a long cycle Zn metal anode in an aqueous zinc ion battery10.1039/D2TA03550B ↗
57. Thermoelectric effect in normal-state YBa2Cu3O7-δ films10.1209/0295-5075/25/5/011 ↗
58. Intelligent metaphotonics empowered by machine learning10.29026/oea.2022.210147 ↗
59. Enhanced performance of Li-S battery by con-structing inner conductive network and outer adsorption layer sulfur-carbon composite10.1002/er.6220 ↗
60. An investigation of the effects of ZnO inverse opal pore size in the composite of ZnO nanorods/ZnO inverse opal on the performance of quantum dot-sensitized solar cells10.1039/D2DT03357G ↗
61. Strategy for boosting Co-Nx content for oxygen reduction reaction in aqueous metal-air batteries10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.230891 ↗
62. Highly efficient quan-tum-dot-sensitized solar cells with composite semiconductor of ZnO nanorod and oxide inverse opal in photoanode10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140145 ↗
63. Switchable diurnal radiative cooling by doped VO210.29026/oea.2021.200006 ↗
64. Zhou, W., Qin, X., Lv, M., Qiu, L., Chen, Z., and Zhang, F. (2023). Design of a New Type of In-Hole Gold-Coated High-Performance Quasi-PCF Sensor Enhanced with Surface Plasmon Resonance. Coatings, 13.10.3390/coatings13071261 ↗
65. Fahey, T., Islam, M., Gardi, A., and Sabatini, R. (2021). Laser Beam Atmospheric Propagation Modelling for Aerospace LIDAR Applications. Atmosphere, 12.10.3390/atmos12070918 ↗