Protection of Zr Alloy under High-Temperature Air Oxidation: A Multilayer Coating Approach
Source abstract
Abstract
Metallic Cr and multilayer CrN/Cr coatings with a thickness of 2.5 µm were deposited onto E110 alloy by magnetron sputtering. Oxidation tests in air were performed at 1100 °C for 10–40 min. The gravimetric measurements showed better protective properties of multilayer CrN/Cr coatings in comparison with metallic Cr coating. Multilayer coating prevented fast Cr–Zr inter-diffusion by the formation of a ZrN layer beneath the coating. The appearance of ZrN is caused by interaction with nitrogen formed from the decomposition of CrN to Cr2N phases. Optical microscopy revealed a residual Cr layer for the multilayer CrN (0.25 µm)/Cr (0.25 µm) coating for all the oxidation periods. Additional in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies of coated alloy during linear heating up to 1400 °C showed that the formation of the Cr2Zr phase in the case of multilayer coatings occurred at a higher (~150 °C) temperature compared to metallic Cr. Multilayer coatings can decrease the nitrogen effect for Zr alloy oxidation. Uniform and thinner oxide layers of Zr alloy were observed when the multilayer coatings were applied. The highest oxidation resistance belonged to the CrN/Cr coating with a multilayer step of 0.25 µm.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Nuclear Materials and Properties · High-Temperature Coating Behaviors · Fusion materials and technologies
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
School of Nuclear Science and Engineering, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
Funding
Russian Foundation for Basic Research · State Atomic Energy Corporation ROSATOM
References (27)
Show source-provided references
1. High temperature steam oxidation of chromium-coated zirconium-based alloys: Kinetics and process10.1016/j.corsci.2020.108537 ↗
2. Chen, H., Wang, X., and Zhang, R. (2020). Application and development progress of Cr-based surface coatings in nuclear fuel element: I. selection, preparation, and characteristics of coating materials. Coatings, 10.10.3390/coatings10090808 ↗
3. Chen, H., Wang, X., and Zhang, R. (2020). Application and development progress of Cr-based surface coating in nuclear fuel elements: II. Current status and shortcomings of performance studies. Coatings, 10.10.3390/coatings10090835 ↗
4. Development of Cr cold spray-coated fuel cladding with enhanced accident tolerance10.1016/j.net.2017.12.011 ↗
5. High temperature oxidation and microstructural evolution of cold spray chromium coatings on Zircaloy-4 in steam environments10.1016/j.jnucmat.2019.151737 ↗
6. Chromium coatings deposited by cooled and hot target magnetron sputtering for accident tolerant nuclear fuel claddings10.1016/j.surfcoat.2020.125618 ↗
7. Oxidation kinetics of Cr-coated zirconium alloy: Effect of coating thickness and microstructure10.1016/j.corsci.2020.108883 ↗
8. Behavior of plasma sprayed Cr coatings and FeCrAl coatings on Zr fuel cladding under loss-of-coolant accident conditions10.1016/j.surfcoat.2018.03.016 ↗
9. Early studies on Cr-coated zircaloy-4 as enhanced accident tolerant nuclear fuel claddings for light water reactors10.1016/j.jnucmat.2019.02.018 ↗
10. High temperature Cr-Zr interaction of two types of Cr-coated Zr alloys in inert gas environment10.1016/j.jnucmat.2021.152806 ↗
11. Protective coatings on zirconium-based alloys as accident-tolerant fuel (ATF) claddings10.1515/corrrev-2017-0010 ↗
12. Development and testing of multicomponent fuel cladding with enhanced accidental performance10.1016/j.net.2019.08.015 ↗
13. Vacuum-arc chromium-based coatings for protection of zirconium alloys from the high-temperature oxidation in air10.1016/j.jnucmat.2015.06.016 ↗
14. Study of the oxidation behavior of CrN coating on Zr alloy in air10.1016/j.jnucmat.2019.01.006 ↗
15. Metallic and Ceramic Coatings for Enhanced Accident Tolerant Fuel Cladding
16. Protective over-layer coating preventing cracking of thin films deposited on flexible substrates10.1016/j.surfcoat.2013.12.041 ↗
17. Protection of brittle film against cracking10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.02.132 ↗
18. Investigation of the impact of coatings on corrosion and hydrogen uptake of Zircaloy-410.1016/j.jnucmat.2015.09.041 ↗
19. Critical review of the oxidation of Ti2AlC, Ti3AlC2 and Cr2AlC in air10.1080/21663831.2013.806364 ↗
20. Skarohlid, J., and Skoda, R. (2017, January 10–14). High temperature behaviour of CrAlSiN MAX phase coatings on zirconium alloy. Proceedings of the 2017 Water Reactor Fuel Performance 2017, Jeju, Korea.
21. Evaluation of corrosion and oxidation behaviors of TiAlCrN coatings for nuclear fuel cladding10.1016/j.surfcoat.2018.11.083 ↗
22. Krejci, J., Sevecek, M., and Cvrcek, L. (2017, January 10–14). Development of chromium and chromium nitride coated cladding for VVER reactors. Proceedings of the 2017 Water Reactor Fuel Performance, Jeju, Korea.
23. Nickel-chromium (Ni–Cr) coatings deposited by magnetron sputtering for accident tolerant nuclear fuel claddings10.1016/j.surfcoat.2019.04.057 ↗
24. XRD-based quantitative analysis of clay minerals using reference intensity ratios, mineral intensity factors, Rietveld, and full pattern summation methods: A critical review
25. Diffusion in -Ti and Zr10.2320/matertrans.44.2 ↗
26. Oxidation of Zircaloy-4 in steam-nitrogen mixtures at 600–1200 °C10.1016/j.jnucmat.2017.04.034 ↗
27. Zircaloy-4 and M5 high temperature oxidation and nitriding in air10.1016/j.jnucmat.2008.07.002 ↗