The Effect of an Ultrasonic Field on the Microstructure and Tribological Behavior of ZrB2/ZrC+Ni60A/WC Composite Coating Applied by Laser Cladding
Source abstract
Abstract
Ni60A/WC composite coating reinforced with ZrB2/ZrC was layered on GTD-111 superalloy by laser cladding. The effect of an ultrasonic field on coating formation, microstructure, microhardness, and wear was investigated and analyzed. The results showed that the resulting coating had pores and microcracks, which were removed when using an ultrasonic field. Ultrasonic fields increased the heat input and increased the dimensions of the coating pool by creating a cavitation effect. The dendrites of the coating microstructure were mainly composed of Zr(B, C) and ZrC blocks and small α-Zr dendrites. The mechanical vibrations resulting from the application of ultrasonic fields caused the crushing of the growing dendrites, and as a result, the grains and dendrites crumbled. By decreasing the grain size, the average hardness increases from 312 HV for coating without an ultrasonic field to 617 HV for coating with 300 W ultrasonic power. The results of the wear test also showed that the sample coated with 300 W of ultrasonic power, with a coefficient of friction of 0.41 and scar wear of 6.8 µm, has the highest wear resistance due to the removal of porosity and the presence of equiaxed grains on the top and bottom of the clad zone.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: High Entropy Alloys Studies · Additive Manufacturing Materials and Processes · High-Temperature Coating Behaviors
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
School of Mechanical Engineering, Xijing University, Xi’an 710123, China
Department of Engineering, Islamic Azad University Saveh Branch, Saveh 1631-676757, Iran
Department of Advanced Materials and New Energies, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran 33535111, Iran
Department of Engineering, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran P.O. Box 19395-4697, Iran
Metallurgy Expert and Curriculum Developer in Technical and Vocational Education Textbooks Publication-Office, Organization of Educational Research and Planning (OERP), Ministry of Education, Tehran P.O. Box 15847-47359, Iran
References (37)
Show source-provided references
1. Gas turbine engine transient performance and heat transfer effect modelling: A comprehensive review, research challenges, and exploring the future10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2023.121523 ↗
2. The effect of service temperature on the impact strength and fracture toughness of GTD-111 superalloy10.1016/j.engfailanal.2021.105507 ↗
3. Microstructure and mechanical degradation of K403 Ni-based superalloy from ultra-long-term serviced turbine blade10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.170378 ↗
4. Relationship between γ′ phase degradation and in-Service GTD-111 first-stage blade local temperature10.1007/s11665-019-03994-4 ↗
5. Development of FeAl Coatings by a Combined Aluminizing Process to Improve the Dry Sliding Wear Resistance of HH309 Alloy10.1007/s11665-022-06744-1 ↗
6. Maniam, K.K., and Paul, S. (2021). Progress in novel electrodeposited bond coats for thermal barrier coating systems. Materials, 14.10.3390/ma14154214 ↗
7. Microstructural characterization of Ni-based superalloy 625 clad welded on a 9% Ni steel pipe by plasma powder transferred arc10.1016/j.surfcoat.2019.06.084 ↗
8. Interface characteristics in ZrB2-based ceramics containing SiC and/or ZrC particles via hot-pressing sintering10.1016/j.matchar.2021.111144 ↗
9. Investigating the relationship between mechanical properties and residual stress in the laser cladding process of Inconel 625 superalloy10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19791 ↗
10. Recent developments in nickel-based superalloys for gas turbine applications: Review10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.171128 ↗
11. Szczepankowski, A., Przysowa, R., Perczyński, J., and Kułaszka, A. (2022). Health and Durability of Protective and Thermal Barrier Coatings Monitored in Service by Visual Inspection. Coatings, 12.10.3390/coatings12050624 ↗
12. High temperature wear behavior of NiCoCrAlY-Cr2O3-AgMo coating on GH4169 superalloy10.1016/j.mtcomm.2023.105762 ↗
13. Zhao, J., Taheri, M., Shirvani, K., Alizadeh, H., and Palay, M.A. (2023). Improving the Microstructure and Wear Behavior of Gas Turbine Compressor Parts Through the Application of FeCoNiCuAl–WC High Entropy Composite Coating by Laser Cladding. Metals Mater. Int., 1–11.10.1007/s12540-023-01537-0 ↗
14. Optimization on laser cladding parameters for preparing Ni60 coating along with its friction and wear properties10.1016/j.mtcomm.2023.107162 ↗
15. Prediction of the geometric characteristics of the laser cladding of Inconel 718 on the Inconel 738 substrate via genetic algorithm and linear regression10.1016/j.optlastec.2022.108507 ↗
16. Wang, K., Liu, W., Hong, Y., Sohan, H.M.S., Tong, Y., Hu, Y., Zhang, M., Zhang, J., Xiang, D., and Fu, H. (2023). An Overview of Technological Parameter Optimization in the Case of Laser Cladding. Coatings, 13.10.3390/coatings13030496 ↗
17. Enhanced wear resistance of laser cladded graphene nanoplatelets reinforced Inconel 625 superalloy composite coating10.1016/j.surfcoat.2017.12.047 ↗
18. Li, X., Zhang, S., Liu, W., Pang, X., Tong, Y., Zhang, M., Zhang, J., and Wang, K. (2023). Effect of WC Content on the Wear and Corrosion Properties of Oscillating Laser-Cladding-Produced Nickel-Based Coating. Coatings, 13.10.3390/coatings13091614 ↗
19. High-temperature oxidation and TGO growth behaviors of laser-modified YAG/YSZ double-ceramic-layer TBC10.1016/S1003-6326(23)66174-6 ↗
20. Temperature field simulation of Ni60A coating with different copper content on blast furnace tuyere10.1016/j.mtcomm.2022.104093 ↗
21. Huang, K., Xia, Y., and Wang, A. (2023). High Temperature Oxidation and Oxyacetylene Ablation Properties of ZrB2-ZrC-SiC Ultra-High Temperature Composite Ceramic Coatings Deposited on C/C Composites by Laser Cladding. Coatings, 13.10.3390/coatings13010173 ↗
22. ZrB2-SiC-WC coating with SiC diffusion bond coat on graphite by spark plasma sintering process10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.07.123 ↗
23. Evaluation of APC impact on controlling precursors properties in the sol for synthesizing meso porous ZrC nanopowder through sol-gel process10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.08.287 ↗
24. Evolution of solidification and microstructure in laser-clad IN625 superalloy powder on GTD-111 superalloy10.1016/j.surfcoat.2021.127010 ↗
25. Huang, X., Chen, Y., Jiang, J., Lian, G., and Chen, C. (2023). The Influences of Ultrasonic Vibrations on Laser Cladding Ni60/WC-TiO2+ La2O3 Composite Coating. Materials, 16.10.3390/ma16196356 ↗
26. Zhao, S., Taheri, M., Shirvani, K., Naserlouei, M., Beirami, K., Paidar, M., and Sai, W. (2023). Microstructure of NbMoTaTiNi Refractory High-Entropy Alloy Coating Fabricated by Ultrasonic Field-Assisted Laser Cladding Process. Coatings, 13.10.3390/coatings13060995 ↗
27. Lindner, T., Günen, A., Töberling, G., Vogt, S., Karakas, M.S., Löbel, M., and Lampke, T. (2021). Boriding of Laser-Clad Inconel 718 Coatings for Enhanced Wear Resistance. Appl. Sci., 11.10.3390/app112411935 ↗
28. Evaluation of solidification and microstructure in laser cladding Inconel 718 superalloy10.1016/j.optlastec.2019.105761 ↗
29. Microstructure and mechanical properties of ultrasonic assisted laser cladding Al2O3–ZrO2 ceramic coating10.1088/2053-1591/ab394a ↗
30. Kołodziejczak, P., Golański, D., Chmielewski, T., and Chmielewski, M. (2021). Microstructure of Rhenium Doped Ni-Cr Deposits Produced by Laser Cladding. Materials, 14.10.3390/ma14112745 ↗
31. Zhang, B., Shirvani, K., Taheri, M., Beirami, K., and Wang, Y. (J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2023). Effect of TiC and Magnetic Field on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of IN738 Superalloy Processed by Selective Laser Melting, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., in press.10.1007/s11665-023-08228-2 ↗
32. Synthesis and characterization of high entropy carbide-MAX two-phase composites10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.04.125 ↗
33. Differential analysis of the influence mechanism of ultrasonic vibrations on laser cladding10.1016/j.cirpj.2022.03.009 ↗
34. Investigation on microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe-based amorphous coatings prepared via laser cladding assisted with ultrasonic vibration10.1016/j.optlastec.2023.109294 ↗
35. Tribological properties and sulfuric acid corrosion resistance of laser clad CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy coatings with different types of TiC reinforcement10.1016/j.triboint.2023.108870 ↗
36. Wang, J., Zhou, J., Zhang, T., Meng, X., Li, P., Huang, S., and Zhu, H. (2023). Ultrasonic-Induced Grain Refinement in Laser Cladding Nickel-Based Superalloy Reinforced by WC Particles. Coatings, 13.10.3390/coatings13010151 ↗
37. Effects of ZrC particles, load and sliding speed on the wear behavior of the ZrC/2024Al composites10.1016/j.wear.2022.204465 ↗