High-Entropy Alloy for Thin Film Application: A Review
Source abstract
Abstract
High entropy alloy (HEA) involves the addition of five or more elements into the materials system. This provides a multidimensional configuration space that is limitless in terms of its properties and functions. Some high-entropy alloys have already been shown to have superior properties over conventional alloys, especially the CoCr-based HEA materials. Better high-entropy alloy applications may be discovered, especially in micro- and nano-level structures, hence the development of thin film/coating -based HEA materials. Therefore, in this review paper, we are aiming to provide recent studies on the thin film/coating-based high-entropy alloy on fundamental issues related to methods of preparation, phase formation and mechanical properties. We found that sputtering has been extensively used to grow thin-film-based HEAs as it allowed parameters to be controlled with homogeneous growth. The evolution from bulk to thin samples can also be observed with the mechanical properties has exceeded the bulk-based HEA expectations, which are high hardness, better interfacial bonding and tribological behaviour and higher corrosion resistant.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: High Entropy Alloys Studies · High-Temperature Coating Behaviors · Advanced materials and composites
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Center of Excellence Geopolymer & Green Technology (CEGeoGTech), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Jalan Kangar-Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Jalan Kangar-Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cambridge Institute of Technology (CIT), Bangalore 560036, India
Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iasi, Blvd. D. Mangeron 71, 700050 Iasi, Romania
Technical Sciences Academy of Romania, Dacia Blvd 26, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
Romanian Inventors Forum, Str. Sf. P. Movila 3, 700089 Iasi, Romania
National Institute for Research and Development in Environmental Protection INCDPM, Splaiul Independentei 294, 060031 Bucharest, Romania
References (70)
Show source-provided references
1. Caballero, F.G. (2022). High-Entropy Alloys: Overview. Encyclopedia of Materials: Metals and Alloys, Elsevier.10.1016/B978-0-12-819726-4.09005-0 ↗
2. Compositional effect on microstructure and properties of NbTiZr-based complex concentrated alloys10.1016/j.actamat.2018.03.065 ↗
3. A critical review of high entropy alloys and related concepts10.1016/j.actamat.2016.08.081 ↗
4. High specific yield strength TiZrAlNbV high-entropy alloys via coherent nanoprecipitation strengthening10.1016/j.msea.2022.144346 ↗
5. Murty, B.S., Yeh, J.W., Ranganathan, S., and Bhattacharjee, P.P. (2019). 2—High-entropy alloys: Basic concepts. High-Entropy Alloys, Elsevier. [2nd ed.].10.1016/B978-0-12-816067-1.00002-3 ↗
6. Microstructure and solidification behavior of multicomponent CoCrCuxFeMoNi high-entropy alloys10.1016/j.msea.2015.06.061 ↗
7. Microstructural development in equiatomic multicomponent alloys10.1016/j.msea.2003.10.257 ↗
8. Microstructure and properties of a refractory NbCrMo0.5Ta0.5TiZr alloy10.1016/j.msea.2011.09.033 ↗
9. Murty, B.S., Yeh, J.W., Ranganathan, S., and Bhattacharjee, P.P. (2019). 4—Alloy design and phase selection rules in high-entropy alloys. High-Entropy Alloys, Elsevier. [2nd ed.].10.1016/B978-0-12-816067-1.00004-7 ↗
10. Mechanical behavior of high-entropy alloys10.1016/j.pmatsci.2021.100777 ↗
11. A brief review of high-entropy films10.1016/j.matchemphys.2017.07.078 ↗
12. Formation of CuCrCoFeNiO high entropy alloy thin films by rapid thermal processing of Cu/CrNiO/FeCo multilayers10.1016/j.surfcoat.2020.126563 ↗
13. Mechanical and electrical properties of NbMoTaW refractory high-entropy alloy thin films10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2019.02.005 ↗
14. Bendable bulk metallic glass: Effects of a thin, adhesive, strong, and ductile coating10.1016/j.actamat.2012.02.037 ↗
15. Electrochemical deposition and microstructural characterization of AlCrFeMnNi and AlCrCuFeMnNi high entropy alloy thin films10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.07.142 ↗
16. Electrodeposition mechanism and characterization of Ni–Cu alloy coatings from a eutectic-based ionic liquid10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.10.065 ↗
17. Electrodeposition of metals from non-aqueous solutions10.1016/j.electacta.2009.04.028 ↗
18. An advancement in the synthesis of unique soft magnetic CoCuFeNiZn high entropy alloy thin films10.1038/s41598-021-87786-8 ↗
19. High-entropy alloys10.1107/S0108767313095718 ↗
20. Physical Properties of High Entropy Alloys10.3390/e15125338 ↗
21. Investigation of low temperature oxidation behavior of MoNbTaW thin films10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.163373 ↗
22. Preparation of MoNbTaW refractory high entropy alloy powders by pressureless spark plasma sintering: Crystal structure and phase evolution10.1016/j.intermet.2020.106832 ↗
23. Synthesis and structure of refractory high entropy alloy thin films based on the MoNbTaW system10.1016/j.surfcoat.2022.128446 ↗
24. Li, Z., Tian, Y., Teng, C., and Cao, H. (2020). Recent Advances in Barrier Layer of Cu Interconnects. Materials, 13.10.3390/ma13215049 ↗
25. Influence of the nitrogen content on the structure and properties of MoNbTaVW high entropy alloy thin films10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.156740 ↗
26. Nitrogen-induced hardening of refractory high entropy alloys containing laminar ordered phases10.1016/j.actamat.2021.116884 ↗
27. Interdiffusion in the FCC-structured Al-Co-Cr-Fe-Ni high entropy alloys: Experimental studies and numerical simulations10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.03.046 ↗
28. Microstructures and mechanical properties of CoCrFeNiAl0.3 high-entropy alloy thin films by pulsed laser deposition10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.07.186 ↗
29. Microstructure characterization of AlxCo1Cr1Cu1Fe1Ni1 (x = 0 and 2.5) high-entropy alloy films10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.04.094 ↗
30. Microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of non-Cantor AlCuSiZnFe lightweight high entropy alloy processed by advanced powder metallurgy10.1016/j.msea.2020.140066 ↗
31. Phase stability and tensile properties of Co-free Al0.5CrCuFeNi2 high-entropy alloys10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.09.105 ↗
32. Microstructures and mechanical properties of multi-component (AlCrTaTiZr)NxCy nanocomposite coatings10.1016/j.tsf.2011.01.043 ↗
33. Nanocrystalline high-entropy alloy (CoCrFeNiAl0.3) thin-film coating by magnetron sputtering10.1016/j.tsf.2017.08.006 ↗
34. Thermal stability of AlCoCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy thin films studied by in-situ XRD analysis10.1016/j.surfcoat.2009.12.006 ↗
35. High entropy alloy thin films deposited by magnetron sputtering of powder targets10.1016/j.tsf.2015.02.070 ↗
36. Structure formation and properties of sputter deposited Nbx-CoCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy thin films10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.06.097 ↗
37. AlCoCrCuFeNi high entropy alloy cluster growth and annealing on silicon: A classical molecular dynamics simulation study10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.08.133 ↗
38. Stress-related effects in thin films10.1016/0040-6090(89)90030-8 ↗
39. Biaxial alignment in sputter deposited thin films10.1016/j.tsf.2006.06.027 ↗
40. Effects of nanotwins on the mechanical properties of AlxCoCrFeNi high entropy alloy thin films10.1016/j.scriptamat.2017.06.009 ↗
41. Solid-Solution CrCoCuFeNi High-Entropy Alloy Thin Films Synthesized by Sputter Deposition10.1080/21663831.2015.1048904 ↗
42. Effect of structure of high entropy CrFeCoNiCu alloys produced by EB PVD on their strength and dissipative properties10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.161408 ↗
43. Combinatorial evaluation of phase formation and magnetic properties of FeMnCoCrAl high entropy alloy thin film library10.1038/s41598-019-44351-8 ↗
44. Extremely hard, α-Mn type high entropy alloy coatings10.1016/j.scriptamat.2019.12.029 ↗
45. High-Temperature Oxidation Behavior of Al-Co-Cr-Ni-(Fe or Si) Multicomponent High-Entropy Alloys10.1007/s11837-014-1185-7 ↗
46. Synthesis and characterization of FeCoNiCrCu high-entropy alloy coating by laser cladding10.1016/j.matdes.2010.12.001 ↗
47. Arfaoui, M., Radnóczi, G., and Kis, V.K. (2020). Transformations in CrFeCoNiCu High Entropy Alloy Thin Films during In-Situ Annealing in TEM. Coatings, 10.10.3390/coatings10010060 ↗
48. Computer simulation of strain energy effects vs surface and interface energy effects on grain growth in thin films10.1016/1359-6454(95)00365-7 ↗
49. A model for development of orientation of vapour deposits10.1007/BF00544515 ↗
50. Change in the primary solidification phase from fcc to bcc -based B2 in high entropy or complex concentrated alloys10.1016/j.scriptamat.2016.09.023 ↗
51. Effect of valence electron concentration on stability of fcc or bcc phase in high entropy alloys10.1063/1.3587228 ↗
52. More than entropy in high-entropy alloys: Forming solid solutions or amorphous phase10.1016/j.intermet.2013.05.002 ↗
53. Wang, C., Li, T.-H., Liao, Y.-C., Li, C.-L., Jang, J.S.-C., and Hsueh, C.-H. (2019). Hardness and strength enhancements of CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy with Nd doping. Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 764.10.1016/j.msea.2019.138192 ↗
54. Identifying the high entropy effect on plastic dynamics in bulk metallic glasses: A nanoindentation study at room and elevated temperatures10.1016/j.matdes.2020.108500 ↗
55. Mechanical behavior of nanocrystalline metals and alloys10.1016/j.actamat.2003.08.032 ↗
56. Dubey, D.k., Yadav, R.A.K., Lee, M., Khan, S., Liang, T.-W., and Jou, J.-H. (2018, January 3–6). Effect of molecular energy level of electron transport layer on recombination zone in OLED. Proceedings of the 2018 25th International Workshop on Active-Matrix Flatpanel Displays and Devices (AM-FPD), Kyoto, Japan.
57. Processing, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the CrMnFeCoNi High-Entropy Alloy10.1007/s11837-015-1589-z ↗
58. Ultra-high strength WNbMoTaV high-entropy alloys with fine grain structure fabricated by powder metallurgical process10.1016/j.msea.2017.12.021 ↗
59. Nonlinear delamination mechanics for thin films10.1016/S0022-5096(96)00122-6 ↗
60. Interfacial behavior of thin film bonded to plastically graded substrate under tensile loading10.1016/j.euromechsol.2022.104818 ↗
61. Lattice distortion in a strong and ductile refractory high-entropy alloy10.1016/j.actamat.2018.08.053 ↗
62. Effect of sputtering power on piezoresistivity and interfacial strength of SiCN thin films prepared by magnetic sputtering10.1016/j.ceramint.2021.09.299 ↗
63. Interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of TiAl alloy/TC4 titanium alloy joints diffusion bonded with CoCuFeNiTiV0.6 high entropy alloy interlayer10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.167987 ↗
64. Corrosion performance and mechanical properties of FeCrSiNb amorphous equiatomic HEA thin film10.1016/j.surfcoat.2021.127486 ↗
65. Thermal annealing effect on the corrosion resistance of AlCuNiTiZr high entropy alloy films in sulfuric acid solution10.1016/j.tsf.2021.138707 ↗
66. Effects of electromagnetic pulse treatment on spinodal decomposed microstructure, mechanical and corrosion properties of AlCoCrFeNi high entropy alloy10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.161676 ↗
67. Corrosion behavior of CoCrNi/mild steel medium entropy alloy thin films10.1016/j.mtcomm.2021.103015 ↗
68. Study on corrosion behavior of (CuZnMnNi)100−xSnx high-entropy brass alloy in 5 wt% NaCl solution10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.166051 ↗
69. Effects of Cu/Si on the microstructure and tribological properties of FeCoCrNi high entropy alloy coating by laser cladding10.1016/j.wear.2022.204533 ↗
70. Sha, M., Jia, C., Qiao, J., Feng, W., Ai, X., Jing, Y.-A., Shen, M., and Li, S. (2019). Microstructure and Properties of High-Entropy AlxCoCrFe2.7MoNi Alloy Coatings Prepared by Laser Cladding. Metals, 9.10.3390/met9121243 ↗