Current Challenges and Innovative Developments in Hydroxyapatite-Based Coatings on Metallic Materials for Bone Implantation: A Review
Source abstract
Abstract
Biomaterials are in use for the replacement and reconstruction of several tissues and organs as treatment and enhancement. Metallic, organic, and composites are some of the common materials currently in practice. Metallic materials contribute a big share of their mechanical strength and resistance to corrosion properties, while organic polymeric materials stand high due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and natural availability. To enhance the biocompatibility of these metals and alloys, coatings are frequently applied. Organic polymeric materials and ceramics are extensively utilized for this purpose due to their outstanding characteristics of biocompatibility and biodegradability. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is the material from the ceramic class which is an ultimate candidate for coating on these metals for biomedical applications. HAp possesses similar chemical and structural characteristics to normal human bone. Due to the bioactivity and biocompatibility of HAp, it is used for bone implants for regenerating bone tissues. This review covers an extensive study of the development of HAp coatings specifically for the orthopaedic applications that include different coating techniques and the process parameters of these coating techniques. Additionally, the future direction and challenges have been also discussed briefly in this review, including the coating of HAp in combination with other calcium magnesium phosphates that occur naturally in human bone.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Bone Tissue Engineering Materials · Orthopaedic implants and arthroplasty · Magnesium Alloys: Properties and Applications
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 9, 0768 Oslo, Norway
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